Consider the following equilibrium of the weak base NH_3, NH_3 + H_2O Doublehead

Question

Consider the following equilibrium of the weak base NH_3, NH_3 + H_2O Doubleheadarrow NH^+_4 + OH^- a. What happens when a strong acid like HCI is added? b. What happens when a strong base like NaOH is added? Consider the following hypothetical equilibrium. 2A Doubleheadarrow B a. if [A] = 1 and [B] = 1, then what is the value of Q? b. if a dilution takes place such that [A] = 1/2 and [B] = 1/2, what is the value of Q? c. if K = 1 for this reaction, what direction will the equilibrium shift when a dilution takes place?

Explanation / Answer

2)

a ) when strong acid is added the equilibrium will shift towards forward direction (right)

because H+ and react with OH- , so product concentration decreases .

b) on addition of NaOH the equilibrium will shift towards backward direction (left)

on increase in product concentration the reaction shifts backward direction

3)

a) Q = [B] / [A]^2

Q = 1 / 1^2

   Q = 1

b)

Q = (1/2) / (1/2)^2

Q = 0.5

c)

if K = 1 it is exactly at equilibrium . so the reaction will not shift either of the directions

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