Oxidation Number (or Oxidation State) rules: Elements have an oxidation number o

Question

Oxidation Number (or Oxidation State) rules: Elements have an oxidation number of 0 Group I and II - In addition to the elemental oxidation state of 0. Group I has an oxidation state of +1 and Group II has an oxidation state of +2. Hydrogen -usually +1, except when bonded to Group I or Group II, when it forms hydrides. -1. Oxygen - usually +2, except when it forms a O-O single bond, a peroxide, when it is -1. Fluorine is always -1 Other halogens are usually -1. except when bonded to O. 1. Determine the oxidation number of each atom in the following substances

Explanation / Answer

Q1.

a)

NF3 = N+3 and F= -1

b)

K2Cr2O7

since this is neutral

K2Cr2O7 = 0

2*K + 2*Cr + 7*O

O = -2 typpically, and K = +1 always so

2*1 + 2*Cr + 7*(-2) = 0

2Cr = 14 - 2

Cr = 12/2 = +6

c)

NO3-

O = -2 typically so

N + 3(-2) = -1

N = -1+6 = +5

d)

HClO4

O = -2 typically

H = +1 tpycally

so

Cl = ?

HClO4 = 0

+1 + Cl + 4*(-2) = 0

Cl = 8-1 = +7

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