Experiment 2: The Constant Volume Gas Thermometer Prelab Questions: What are the

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Experiment 2: The Constant Volume Gas Thermometer Prelab Questions: What are the thermodynamic variables you are varying today in your experiment? What is constant parameter? 1. What is the name of the device that will allow you to calculate the ‘Absolute Temperature. (TAZ) today? 2- Objective: The purpose of this experiment is to use graphs and least squares analysis, a procedure to determine the best fit line to data, to investigate the relationship between the thermodynamic variables temperature and pressure for a fixed volume of dry air. If the air behaves as a perfect gas, the value of absolute zero can be determined and compared to the accepted value. Introduction: The word gas is derived from the Greek word chaos, chosen by the Belgian physician, Johann van Helmont, in the middle of the 17th century. Gases were coined with chaos due the explosion of many vessels when they were prepared by chemical reactions. The study of gases in the latter part of the 18th century and the early part of the 19th century resulted in significant developments in chemistry. Although gases differ as widely in their chemical behavior as do liquids and solids, their physical behavior is remarkably uniform. Gases fill whatever space is available, expand and contract with changes in temperature, exert greater pressure with increasing temperature, flow rapidly, are compressible and generally have low density. This similarity in physical behavior suggests that these properties are not independent of one another and can be related by a theoretical model. Gases consist of particles which are in constant random motion and which collide with one another and with the walls of the vessel. Since gas particles move at high velocity and are separated by large distances, the forces acting between them (intermolecular forces) tend to be negligible. This is the main reason why gases can freely expand to occupy the volume of any container. Empirical gas laws have been formulated for gases as such: Boyle's Law: states that a sample of gas at a constant temperature will have a pressure that is inversely proportional to its volume P × V-ki-constant Eq (1) Charles's Law: states that a sample of gas at a constant pressure will have a volume that is directly proportional to its temperature V k2x TEq (2) Avogadro's Principle: states that for gases at the same temperature and pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas present V- k3xn Eq (3)

Explanation / Answer

1.standard experiment are done based on the following equation..

PV = nRT

the varibale thermodynamic parameters are P (pressure) and T ( Temperature). the constant variable is V (Volume)

2. the name of the device is "constant volume gas thermometer".

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