EXPERIMENTAL METHODS A. Qualitative Studies to Identify Hot versus Cold In your
ID: 554590 • Letter: E
Question
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS A. Qualitative Studies to Identify Hot versus Cold In your lab notebook, t 1. Obtain a test tube for each salt. Place about S to 6 mL D.I. water into each test tube. 2. Using a scoopula, transfer about 2-cm length of salt on the scoopula into the test tube prepare a table similar to Table 12.2 (this does not need to be weighed). Mix the contents with a stirring rod, and touch the test tube to the palm of your hand. Record the temperature change as warmer (heat released). cooler (heat absorbed), or no change. If you are unable to detect a change, you may want to repeat the procedure with a temperature probe. 3. Repeat this procedure for each salt in your set. Obtain the results for the sets that your team did not perform from other teams, and record your observations in your notebook. Also compare your results with any other teams repeat the tests if you want to confirm your results. the same salts. You may B. Quantitative Studies for Hot Pack (exothermic) Salts 4. Pick one of the hot pack salts from your results to study the quantitative heat measurements. You will utilize a Styrofoam calorimeter (see Figure 12.1). which is useful for measuring heat changes. In your notebook, prepare a table for collecting time and tempera- Temperature Probe ture readings similar to Table 12.3. 5. Record the mass of a coffee cup and place it in a ring stand so that it will not tip over. Add approximately 25 mL of room temperature deionized water to the cof- fee cup and determine the total mass. 6. Use the temperature probe to stir the FIGURE 121 Calorimeter Made from a Styro- solution. Support the cup with a ring stand so that it will not tip over. foam Cup . Record the temperature of the water in the calorimeter with the La bQuest swirling con- tinuously. Record the temperature just before adding the salt. This will be your initial temperature.Explanation / Answer
salt
formula
price
Environmental considerations from SDS
GHS designation
Most likely issue for our situation
Production or disposal issues
references
Ammonium chloride
NH4Cl
Given
short term degradation products are not likely. Chronic hazards to aquatic environment
Irritant, hazardous to environment
Harmful if swallowed and causes eye irritation
Dilute with water and flush to sewer
The SigmaAldrich Library of Chemical Safety Data, Edition II. -Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987. Manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet
Sodium nitrate
NaNO3
Given
short term degradation products are not likely long term products may form
Slightly Explosive when heated, strong oxidiser
Mutagenicfor humans, reproductively harmful for males
none
Sciencelab.com for msds
Magnesium sulfate
MgSO4
Given
Long term degradation occurs and The products of degradation are more toxic.
irritant
Harmful if swallowed and irritant on eyes and skin contact
none
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Calcium chloride
CaCl2
Given
Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 100 mg/l 96 hours [Fish].
irritant
Harmful for respiratory tract on ingestion, skin and eye contact and harmful if swallowed
none
Sciencelab.com for msds
salt
formula
price
Environmental considerations from SDS
GHS designation
Most likely issue for our situation
Production or disposal issues
references
Ammonium chloride
NH4Cl
Given
short term degradation products are not likely. Chronic hazards to aquatic environment
Irritant, hazardous to environment
Harmful if swallowed and causes eye irritation
Dilute with water and flush to sewer
The SigmaAldrich Library of Chemical Safety Data, Edition II. -Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987. Manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet
Sodium nitrate
NaNO3
Given
short term degradation products are not likely long term products may form
Slightly Explosive when heated, strong oxidiser
Mutagenicfor humans, reproductively harmful for males
none
Sciencelab.com for msds
Magnesium sulfate
MgSO4
Given
Long term degradation occurs and The products of degradation are more toxic.
irritant
Harmful if swallowed and irritant on eyes and skin contact
none
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Calcium chloride
CaCl2
Given
Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 100 mg/l 96 hours [Fish].
irritant
Harmful for respiratory tract on ingestion, skin and eye contact and harmful if swallowed
none
Sciencelab.com for msds
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