Activity 23 - Le Châtelier\'s Principle Introduction While fans of hydrogen cars

Question

Activity 23 - Le Châtelier's Principle Introduction While fans of hydrogen cars may be interested in producing hydrogen gas from ammonia, the industrial production of ammonia from hydrogen is much more common. Ammonia is used in large quantities as both a refrigerant and crop fertilizer. As we discussed last time, this reaction does not proceed completely to products on its own We can manipulate the reaction conditions to increase the yield of ammonia using Le Châtelier's Principle Instructions 1. Find the definition of Le Châtelier's Principle in your text and enter it here 2. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas (NH3). The heat of reaction is -92.2 kJ for the balanced reaction 3. For each of the proposed changes listed in the table, fill in the remaining two columns How the disturbance is countered Shift in the reaction (towards reactants or products) Towards products Change More nitrogen gas is addedconsume the new nitrogen to the reaction Hydrogen gas is removed from the reaction by absorption in palladium Ammonia is removed from the reaction gas The pressure of gasses in the reaction is increased The reaction is heated from room temperature to 500°C

Explanation / Answer

Q1

First, let us state the Le Chatelier principle which deals with changes in an equilibrium:

The statement is as follows:

If any equilibrium is disturbed, that is, change in conditions such as P,T, concentration, partial pressure, etc.., the system will counterbalance such change in order to favour the system's equilbirium.

Q2

N2(g) + H2(g) = NH3(g)

balance

N2(g) + 3H2(g) = 2NH3(g) H = -92.2 kJ

Q3

a)

if H2 is removed, then the shift goes towards reactants, by reacitng NH3 back to N2 + H2

b)

if NH3 is removed, H2 and N2 form more NH3 to counterbalance, shift is to the right

c)

Pincrease will favour the least moles of gases

then

NH3 increases

d)

this reaciton is exothermic

if heated, then the reverse reaciton is favoured, N2 and H2 react

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