1. Eugenol (clove oil) has a reported boiling point of 255 C at 760 mm Hg. Why w

Question

1. Eugenol (clove oil) has a reported boiling point of 255 C at 760 mm Hg. Why would its boiling point during a steam distillation be less than 100 2. Would you recommend steam distillation or simple distillation for the purification of Eugenol? Why? A mixture of benzene and water distills at 83°C at 760mmHg. At 83°C the vapor pressure of water is 401mmHg. 3. a. What is the mole % of the vapor during distillation? b. What is the weight of benzene that is distilled with each gram of water? 4. Calculate the specific rotation of a compound of molecular weight 150 gm/mole if a 1.0M solution in a 1 dm tube gives an observed rotation of 3.5

Explanation / Answer

1. Since eugenol is not soluble in water, the concentration of the eugenol in the vapor over the boiling eugenol–water suspension does not depend on concentration of the eugenol. The relative amounts of eugenol and water in the vapor simply depend on the vapor pressures of the pure materials. The vapor pressure of water at 100 °C is 760 torr, and the vapor pressure of eugenol at 100 °C is approximately 4 torr; therefore, the vapor is roughly 0.5 % eugenol and Hence, the boiling will occur at 100oC.

2. The boiling point of eugenol, an oil found in cloves, is 248 °C, but it can be isolated at a lower temperature by performing a co-distillation with water, this process is also know as a steam distillation

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