The graph below plots molecular speed vs. the fraction of molecules having a par
ID: 557461 • Letter: T
Question
The graph below plots molecular speed vs. the fraction of molecules having a particular 23. Do all O2 molecules move at the same speed? heated? Does temperature affect the shape of 25. Is the average molecular speed in each curve 24. What happens to the curve when the O2 is the curve? The mou mert asttr close to the peak of the curve? What does this mean? 26. What does heating a gas do to the molecules of the gas? Molecular Speed (m/s) 28. On average, are particles of H2 gas moving faster or slower than particles of O2 gas at agiven temperature? 7e s becum su the Hz&rticles; orcGght4 29. The kinetic energy of gas particles is given by the classical physics formula: 0 where m = mass of the particle and v is the particle's velocity. Gas particles at a given temperature have the same kinetic energy, regardless of the gas. If H2 gas is at 25°C and O2 gas is at 25°C, and both have the same kinetic energy, what can you deduce about the velocity of the gas particles of H2 vs. 02? 2 With this in mind, at a given temperature, the larger the molar mass of a gas, the (slower, faster) will be the velocity of those gas particles. Graham's Law of Effusion works with this relationship between mass and velocity. 30. Suppose you had two containers of gases connected together as in the graphic above. Container 1 had a volume of 75 mL and contained O2 gas at a pressure of 722 torr Container 2 had a volume of 230 mL and contained H2 gas at a pressure of 945 torr. If the valve is opened and the gases are allowed to mix, what is the new pressure throughout the system? Assume temperature is held constant.Explanation / Answer
23) All the oxygen molecules do not move at same speed. The distribution of the molecular speeds of oxygen gas varies with temperature. At higher temperatures the molecules are moving at higher speeds.
24) If O2 is heated, its kinetic energy is increased. Kinetic energy is related to its velocity
KE=1/2mv2.When velocity increased, the curve has less steep.
25) The average molecular speed of a molecule, with deep steep curve lies on the peak of graph but molecule, with shallower steep located a bit to the right of the peak. The reason the average speed is located to the right of the peak is due to the longer tail on the right side of the graph. This longer tail pulls the average speed slightly to the right of the peak of the graph.
26) When gas molecules are heated, they vibrate faster and the space between molecules increases. Molecular motion is increased.
28)
The molar mass of hydrogen = 1.0 grams/mol
Molar mass of oxygen is = 16 grams/mol.
Rate of diffusion 1/(molar mass)^1/2
Rate of diffusion of H2 = 1/(1)^1/2 = 1
Rate of diffusion of O2 = 1/(16)^1/2 = ¼
This means that hydrogen will diffuse four times faster than oxygen.
29) Velocity of H2 vs O2
KE=1/ KE=1/2mv2
KE is same
Then
½ m(H2) v2 = ½ m(O2) v2
½ m(1) v2 = ½ m(16) v2
V2 = 16V2
V H2 = 4 VO2
The average velocity of hydrogen molecules is 4 times greater than that of oxygen molecules.
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