8) What general mechanisms have been proposed toexplain the latitudinal gradient
ID: 5633 • Letter: 8
Question
8) What general mechanisms have been proposed toexplain the latitudinal gradient? Which do you think are the mostlikely? Explain Answer.
9)What characteristics of organisms and/or ecosystemsmakes them particularly susceptible to climate shifts?Explain.
10) Diagram the M-W model for island biogeography. Howdoes the predicted equilibrium (and graphical representation)change if the islands are near the source population vs. far, or ifthe islands are small vs. large in area?
11) What assumptions underlie the M-W model of islandbiogeography? Which of these are realistic? Explain.
12) Describe the four generally recognized ecogeographicrules discuess in class. Give an example of each. What are theproposed mechanism driving each of these “rules”?
13) Describe each of the four different metrics used tomeasure species diversity.
How do these vary from diversity indices? Would youexpect to see higher beta diversity in small mammals or large ones?Explain
14) Write out the equation used to define species-arearelationships. Define each term. Why is this generallylog-transformed?
15) How can a productive habitat lead to greater speciesdiversity? Explain with diagram.
16) Recent studies confirm that there has been amoderate increase in species diversity over the last 500 Ma. Whatis the most likely explanation for this increase?Explain.
17) Assume a new island chain is formed in the PacificOcean. What characteristics of plants (animals) would make themmore likely to arrive and successfully colonize this area? Whatsorts of changes might you expect to see over evolutionary time inthese plants (animals) after they have established?Why?
18) What determines the number of species on an islandor other land area? In general, would you expect the intercept forthe species-are relationship to be greater for insects, mammals, orbirds. Explain this mathematically and graphically.
19) What is meant by the term “greenhousegas”?
Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmospherethat absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range
How does this relate to global temperature?
What is meant by the term “anthropogenic climatechange”? How much of a rise is predicted?
20) What is the Linnaean shortfall?
21) How are humans like other mammals? How are theydifferent? What general macroecological patterns do they conformto? Explain how the ability of Homo sapiens to modify itsenvironment has affected its ability to expand its geographicrange.
Explanation / Answer
Number 20. The Linnean shortfall refers to our lack of knowledge of howmany, and what kind, of species exist. The term is a reference toCarl Linnaeus, who laid the foundations of modern taxonomy and the18th century. The Linnean shortfall concerns our highly incompleteknowledge of the diversity of life that exists on Earth.Related Questions
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