The material covered in this homework assignment relates directly to atmospheric

Question

The material covered in this homework assignment relates directly to atmospheric chemistry For all calculations assume that Pro' for the atmosphere . 1 bar, PH,-1 %, and Poo,-360 ppm. Show all your work Nitric oxide (NO) occurs in the atmosphere naturally at a concentration of 0.1 ppb. Determine whether this concentration represents equilibrium with respect to l 1. H:O, O, and ammonia (NHs), all in the gaseous a. Convert the concentration of NO to its partial pressure, assuming an atmospheric pressure of I bar. b. Write the appropriate chemical reaction that governs the concentration of NO in the atmosphere if equilibrium were maintained between NO, NHs, H-O, and O,. Important: place Op on the right hand side of the reaction. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 104s c. Calculate the partial prssure of NHy as if the reaction is controlled by chemical equilibrium d. Are the concentrations of NO and NHs in the atmosphere a result of chemical equilibrium, explain? Assuming that the concentrations of nitrous oxide (NO), carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen chloride (HCI) are controlled by steady state processes, use the data in the table listing Naturally Occurring Trace Gases of the Atmosphere (from Brimblecombe, 1986) to calculate the annual fluxes of each of these trace gases into and out of the atmosphere. 3. What properties of the atmosphere make it particularly susceptible to small amounts of contaminants? Bulk composition of unpolluted Naturally occurring trace gases of the atmosphere. From Brimblecombe (1986) Residence time 4 yers atmosphere Gas Concentration Concentration (ppb) 78.084% 20.946% 0.934% 0.54% 360 ppm 18.18 ppm 5.24 ppm 1.7 ppm 1.14 ppm 0.5 ppm 0.087 ppm Carbon diozide Carbon moooxide Nitrogenn Oxygen Argon Water Carbon dioxide 360 000 .1 your 1 600 Formic acid 10 days Nitrous oxide Nitric oxide Nitogen dionide 0.1 03 Methane days Hydrogen Xenon Sulipbur dionide Hydrogen sulphide Carbon disalphide Carbonyl sulphide Dimethyl salpbide 001-41 40dys 1 day 30 days 005 a0m 05 0.001 Medhyl chlarióe Medhyl iodide Hydrogen chlorid 0.7 0.002 0001 4 Note: For gases with atmospheric residence time given as a range, use the shortest period in any calculations.

Explanation / Answer

1.b)Appropriate chemical reaction that governs the concentration of NO in the atmosphere if equilibrium were maintained between NO,NH3,H2O and O2 :

4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g)

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