1. Nitric oxide (NO) occurs in the atmosphere naturally at a concentration of 0.
ID: 564817 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Nitric oxide (NO) occurs in the atmosphere naturally at a concentration of 0.1 ppb. Determine whether this concentration represents equilibrium with respect to H:O, O2 and ammonia (NH), all in the gascous a. Convert the concentration of NO to its partial pressure, assuming an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar b. Write the appropriate chemical reaction that governs the concentration of NO in the atmosphere if equilibrium were maintained between NO, NH, H O, and O2. Important: place O2 on the right hand side of the reaction. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 10-403 c. Calculate the partial pressure of NH; as if the reaction is controlled by chemical equilibrium d. Are the concentrations of NO and NHs in the atmosphere a result of chemical equilibrium, explain? Assuming that the concentrations of nitrous oxide (N20), carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen chloride (HCI) are controlled by steady state processes, use the data in the table listing Naturally Occurring Trace Gases of the Atmosphere (from Brimblecombe, 1986) to calculate the annual fluxes of each of these trace gases into and out of the atmosphere. 2. 3. What properties of the atmosphere make it particularly susceptible to small amounts of contaminants? Naturally occurring trace gases of the atmosphere. From Brimblecombe (1986) Bulk composition of unpolluted atmosphere Concentration Residence time Concentration (ppb) Gas 60 000 100 1 600 78.084% 20.946% 0.934% 0.5-4% 360 ppm 18.18 ppm 5.24ppm 1.7 ppm 1.14ppm 0.5ppm 0.087 ppm Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide years 0.1 yeur .6 years Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Water Carbon dioxide Neon Helium Methane Formic acid Nitrous oxide Nitric oxide Nitrogen dioxide Ammonia 20-30 yean 0.1 0.3 4 days 2 days 3-7 days l day 40 days 001-0.1 Sulpbur dioxide Hydrogen sulphide Carbon disalphide Carbonyl salphide Dimechyl sulphide Xenon 0.05 002 05 0.001 Medhyl chioride Methyl iodide Hydrogen chloride 30 days 5 days 4days 0.7 0.002 0.00 Note: For gases with atmospheric residence time given as a range, use the shortest period in any calculationsExplanation / Answer
Temperature,pressure,composition,wind speed,density,humidity and viscosity are atmospheric properties. Atmosphere have definite temperature,pressure,composition,wind speed ,density,humidity and viscosity in which all the chemical,physical processes occur.All living beings servive by the production of energy that are produced by biochemical processes that occur at optimum atmospheric temperature condition.
Contaminants are harmful substances that enter in the atmosphere by different man made activities.Any change in any atmosperic properties will cause the disturbace of the entire natural process system.e.g increase in the temperature may be fatal for many biological processes.
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