1. Compare and contrast the three kinds of transposable element. Consider their
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Question
1. Compare and contrast the three kinds of transposable element. Consider their structure and method of transposition. Describe the effects that transposons can have on bacterial gene expression and on bacterial evolution.
2. Discuss the importance of homologous recombination and transposition in natural horizontal gene transfer and evolution. Consider how these two process affect genome structure and the effect they have depending on what kind of sequence the insert into.
3. Describe one strategy you could use to find a gene involved in BPA degradation in the genomic library of a bacterium that can grow using BPA as a sole source of carbon and energy. Include any assumptions you made about the gene you are looking for of the library you are screening. Propose a second experiment to confirm your result. You do not have the genome sequence of this organism.
Explanation / Answer
## The question is extremely lengthy. Kindly cut it into parts.
1. First type of transposable element is IS i.e insertion sequence. It is the simplest transposon and inserts at many different locations. They do not code for proteins. Their size is 800 to 1500 base pairs.
Second type is Transposon. They are several thousand base pair longer and have additional genes attached to them.
Third type of Bacteriophage mu. It is the longest transposon known so far. It carries numerous genes. It is also called as giant mutator transposon.
2. Transposition has a beneficial effect and effects evolution in a number of ways. I will take the example of grapes, which come in red, white and black colour. White grapes are a result of mutation due to transposition in black grapes. Gret1 gene codes for anthocyanin which is transposed in this case.
3. Genome walking technique can be used to identify the gene.
3.
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