Using the terms provided, fill in the blanks in the following text such that eac
ID: 56895 • Letter: U
Question
Using the terms provided, fill in the blanks in the following text such that each statement correctly details the major divisions and subdivisions of the forebrain.
Terms: anterior, diencephalon, hypothalamus, insular, pituitary, posterior, relay station, smell, thalamus,
The forebrain is divided into 2 major components, the cerebrum, and the ________________. The cerebrum is divided into 5 major lobes, 4 of which are visible from the outside and a 5th lobe, called the __________ lobe, that lies underneath the outer 4 lobes and cannot be visualized unless some of the outer lobes are removed. This 5th lobe is responsible for integrating neural signals and matching autonomic control to body needs.
The diencephalon lies at the base of the forebrain and contains 2 basic components, an upper region called the ___________ and the region that lies immediately below that and is, therefore, appropriately name the _____________.
Of these diencephalon components, the thalamus is considered the major ___________ for most incoming sensory signals. With the exception of olfactory signals for the sense of ____________ all other incoming sensory signals including those for taste, touch, vision, hearing, and proprioreception - are received and processed in this region. Once there, the types of stimuli received are differentiated, sorted and then sent to the appropriate regions of the forebrain ultimately responsible for their interpretation, integration and storage.
In contrast, the _____________, which lies below, plays a variety of separate and distinct roles. This structure is linked to the ___________ gland via the infundibular stalk and serves as a major regulator of hormonal production in the ____________ pituitary. and drives direct production of the hormones that are subsequently stored in and released from the ____________ pituitary. This part of the diencephalon is also a component of the limbic system, thus contributes to our emotional state. Additionally, it plays a role in regulation of our drives for food, drink, sleep and sex.
Explanation / Answer
The forebrain is divided into 2 major components, the cerebrum, and the diencephalon. The cerebrum is divided into 5 major lobes, 4 of which are visible from the outside and a 5th lobe, called the insular lobe, that lies underneath the outer 4 lobes and cannot be visualized unless some of the outer lobes are removed. This 5th lobe is responsible for integrating neural signals and matching autonomic control to body needs.
The diencephalon lies at the base of the forebrain and contains 2 basic components, an upper region called the thalamus and the region that lies immediately below that and is, therefore, appropriately name the hypothalamus.
Of these diencephalon components, the thalamus is considered the major relay station for most incoming sensory signals. With the exception of olfactory signals for the sense of smell all other incoming sensory signals including those for taste, touch, vision, hearing, and proprioreception - are received and processed in this region. Once there, the types of stimuli received are differentiated, sorted and then sent to the appropriate regions of the forebrain ultimately responsible for their interpretation, integration and storage.
In contrast, the hypothalamus, which lies below, plays a variety of separate and distinct roles. This structure is linked to the pituitary gland via the infundibular stalk and serves as a major regulator of hormonal production in the posterior pituitary and drives direct production of the hormones that are subsequently stored in and released from the anterior pituitary. This part of the diencephalon is also a component of the limbic system, thus contributes to our emotional state. Additionally, it plays a role in regulation of our drives for food, drink, sleep and sex.
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