Consider a realistic example where one moth in a population of black moths livin

Question

Consider a realistic example where one moth in a population of black moths living in a stand with many white trees develops a mutation in its ‘A’ gene to produce the ‘a’ allele. This ‘a’ allele will be at a very low frequency but will confer an advantage as white moths can hide in the many white trees. What will happen to this allele over time in the population in an environment that favors white moths. What will happen to this allele over time in the population in an environment that favors white moths?

Does the same outcome occur as above occur even when the initial frequency of allele ‘a’ is near zero?

Does the degree of selection affect this outcome?

Does the population size affect this outcome?

What can you conclude about the creation of beneficial alleles by natural selection in different populations (large vs. small) living in different environments?

What happens to allele frequencies in the case of balancing selection?

What happens to allele frequencies in the case of diversifying selection?

Under what mode(s) of selection will genetic variation be maintained? Explain your answer based on your results from above.

Consider a realistic example where one moth in a population of black moths living in a stand with many white trees develops a mutation in its ‘A’ gene to produce the ‘a’ allele. This ‘a’ allele will be at a very low frequency but will confer an advantage as white moths can hide in the many white trees. What will happen to this allele over time in the population in an environment that favors white moths. What will happen to this allele over time in the population in an environment that favors white moths?

A. Does the same outcome occur as above occur even when the initial frequency of allele ‘a’ is near zero?

B. Does the degree of selection affect this outcome?

C. Does the population size affect this outcome?

D. What can you conclude about the creation of beneficial alleles by natural selection in different populations (large vs. small) living in different environments?

E. What happens to allele frequencies in the case of balancing selection?

F. What happens to allele frequencies in the case of diversifying selection?

G. Under what mode(s) of selection will genetic variation be maintained? Explain your answer based on your results from above.

Explanation / Answer

The frequency of the allele will increase with time because it is advantageous over the black allele so the frequency of allele will increase.

A. The smae outcome may not occur because if the initial frequency of the allele is near zero then the frequency of the allele will take a very long time to increase within that time the population of the white moths may be finished.

B. The degree of selection affects the outcome because if the white moths are not selected often enough then the allele frequency will keep on decreasing with time and may be completely lost.

C. The size of the popualtion also affects the outcome because greater the size of the population more the chances of the white allele not being selected.

D. Creation of beneficial alleles is more advantageous in case of small populations as compared to larger populations simply because the chances of the allele being selected is more in case of small populations.

E. Allele frequencies increase in case of balancing equation because the chances of selection is around 50%

F. It depends if the beneficial allele is being selected or not . So it varies with selection . The allele frequency may increase or decrease.

G. Genetic variation will be maintained if the frequency of the beneficial allele increases which occurs in case of Directional Selection.

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