A student performed this experiment, but was not particularly careful in followi

Question

A student performed this experiment, but was not particularly careful in following the procedure. Explain how each of the following procedural changes would affect his/her mass of copper metal recovered (too high, too low, or not changed)

1. Not all the copper metal had reacted with the nitric acid when the student started to add the sodium hydroxide.

2. Not enough sodium hydroxide was added, so the solution was still acidic when the beaker was heated to convert the copper(II) hydroxide to copper(II) oxide.

Explanation / Answer

1. when Cu is fully not reacted and when NaOH is added, then there is a chance of parallel reaction to form NaNO3 and hence copper metal may not be fully recovered 2. when less NaOH is added than required , then the Copper metal recovered would be less than expected as some amount of Cu(OH)2 is still unconverted

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