Chapter 24: The Root: Structure and Development 1. Introduction Discuss the vari

Question

Chapter 24: The Root: Structure and Development

1.    Introduction

Discuss the various functions of roots.

2.    Root Systems

Distinguish between the different types of root systems.

3.    Origin and Growth of Primary Tissues

List the functions of the rootcap.

4.    Origin and Growth of Primary Tissues

Compare and contrast open and closed types of root apical organization.

5.    Origin and Growth of Primary Tissues

List the three growth regions of the root, and describe the events that are characteristic of each.

6.    Primary Structure

Trace the movement of a K+ ion from the soil to the center of a root, listing all tissues through which the ion must pass.

7.    Primary Structure

Describe the composition and precise location of Casparian strips.

8.    Primary Structure

Explain the role of the endodermis in regulating the movement of substances into and out of the root’s vascular cylinder. How does the structure of the endodermis change over time?

9.    Primary Structure

What is the pericycle? What are some of its functions?

10. Effect of Secondary Growth on the Primary Body of the Root

Describe the process by which the activity of the vascular cambium results in an increase in root diameter.

11.   In what ways are roots modified to exchange gasses?

12. Adaptations for Food Storage: Fleshy Roots

Describe some of the adaptations for food storage in roots and how they occur.

Explanation / Answer

According to the answering guidelines, only the first four subparts will be answered.

1. There are four major functions of roots are: a) absorption of water an nutrients b) anchorage of a plant body c) storage of food and nutrients d) vegetative reproduction

2. A true root system primarily consists of a primary root and a secondary root. Another way of classifyig the roots are the a) Diffuse root system - The primary root is not dominant here b) Whole root system - The root system is fibrous and branches in all direction

3) The section of tissue at the tip of a plant root is called a root cap. The root caps contain statocytes which are involved in gravity perception.

4) Root apical organization is found in the roots of the plants. They may be open or closed types. When there are no boundaries in between the tissues of the growing tip, this is called the open root apical organization (RAO). When there are distinct boundaries in the apical meristem it is called as a cloed RAO.

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