Draw all the unique isomers for the complex [Co(NH3)3(H2O)ClBr]+, which has coba

Question

Draw all the unique isomers for the complex [Co(NH3)3(H2O)ClBr]+, which has cobalt in an octahedral geometry. Identify whether each isomer is chiral or achiral. Predict the number of unpaired electrons expected for this complex. (Hint: Co3+ is usually low-spin.) Consider the following two chromium-containing compounds: Compound A: K3[Cr(CN)6] Compound B: [Cr(en)Cl(H2O)3]Cl2 en = ethylenediamine, H2NCH2CH2NH2 a) Provide a systematic name for each compound. b) One of these compounds is red, the other is yellow. Choose which is which and explain your choice using the language of crystal field theory. c) Draw all unique geometric isomers of the complex [Cr(en)Cl(H2O)3]2+. Indicate whether each one is chiral or achiral. (You can abbreviate the

Explanation / Answer

Metal deficiency defect Due to cation vacancies. Eg. In FeO crystal, some Fe2+ cations are missing and extra negative charge is balanced by acquiring extra positive charge by adjacent Fe2+ ion to become Fe3+ ion. ? F- Centers: The anionic vacancies occupied by unpaired electrons. F-centers impart colour to the crystals (Eg. NaCl toYellow, KCl to violet) due to excitation of these electrons by absorbing energy from the visible light falling on the crystals. Doping: the process of increasing the conductivity of intrinsic semiconductors by adding an appropriate amount of suitable impurity. n-type semiconductors: Silicon or Germanium (group – 14) doped with electron rich impurity (group-15 element like P or As) is called n-type semiconductors. Here conductivity is due to the extra electron or delocalized electron. p-type semiconductors: Silicon or Gemanium (group – 14) doped with electron deficient impurity (group-13 element like B or Al or Ga) is called p-type semiconductors. Here conductivity is due to positively charged electron holes. 13-15 group compounds Eg: ?InSb,AlP,GaAs, 12-16 group compounds Eg: ZnS,CdS,CdSe,HgTe. Magnetic properties: o Paramagnetic substances are weakly attracted by a magnetic field. Example O2,Cu2+,Fe3+,Cr3+ due to presence of unpaired electron. They lose their magnetic in the absence of magnetic field. o Diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic field. Example H2O, NaCl, C6H6 due to the absence of unpaired electron Page 15 / 249 o Ferromagnetic substances are very strongly attracted by a magnetic field and can be permanently magnetized. Example: iron, Cobalt, Nickel and CrO2. The alignments of magnetic moments of the domains are in the direction the magnetic field. o Anti ferromagnetic substances: The magnetic moments and domains are oppositely oriented and cancel out each other‘ s magnetic moment. Example MnO Ferrimagnetic substances: The magnetic moments of the domains are aligned in parallel and anti parallel directions in unequal numbers. So they are weekly attracted by magnetic field. Example Fe3O4 and ZnFe2O4

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