A) Calculate the mass of Allura Red (use MW=496.42 g/mol) required to produce 50

Question

A) Calculate the mass of Allura Red (use MW=496.42 g/mol) required to produce 500 mL of a 1.90x10^-4 M solution. =0.0472g Calculations: Standard stock solutions 1 mL, 5mL, 10mL, and 15mL. Measured Allura Red: 0.0459g Calculate the molarity of each stock solution, please show work. B) Calculate the concentration of Allura Red present in the soft drink when made up according to the package instructions. Add 1 cup sugar or 1 cup splenda. Add cold water & ice to make 2 quarts; stir to dissolve. Cherry Kool-Aid package. 1) A student finishes with her std soln 1 and properly, thoroughly rinses out the 100mL volumetric flask using distilled water. Then, however, she immediately proceeds to pipet 5 mL of stock solution into the volumetric flask w/o making any attempt to dry or shake out the residual water in the flask. What effect will this have on her std sol. 5? Will the concentration be too large? Too small? Explain. 2) Many common materials that we ingest, though quite safe in reasonable quantities, become toxic when taken in very large doses. A measure of toxicity is the LD50 (Lethal dose, 50%). It is the quantity of material, expressed in mg of material per kg of subject-body-weight that, if administered to a population of subjects, will cause 50% of the population to perish. The LD50 value for FD&C; Red Dye No. 40 is > 10,000 mg/kg in rats. Assume LD50 value for humans is the same as for rats. Calculate the number of mg of Allura Red present in an eight-ounce glass of beverage you used in this lab. How many such glasses would a typical adult human have to ingest in order to reach the LD50 concentration (10,000 mg/kg)? Be sure to state explicitly any major assumptions you make in order to do the calculation. Considering only the potential acute toxicity of Allura Red and neglecting anything else that may be present in the drink mix, do you believe the beverage mix you analyzed is a safe product? 3) Calculate the volume of aqueous waste that you produced while completing this experiment. Use this value to calculate the volume of aqueous wast that would be produced by a General Chemistry course with 500 students enrolled. This lab procedure has been frequently performed using copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4*5H2O) instead of Allura Red. Consult the MSDS for copper sulfate pentahydrate to determine concerns associated with this compound and appropriate methods of disposal. Would you be able to pour this waste down the drain as you did the Allura Red waste?

Explanation / Answer

I can't calculate the molarity of each of your stock solutions, because you don't tell me how they are made. B) without the package instructions, I can't calculate the concentration of Allura Red in the made up soft drink. 1) If you're going to be filling the volumetric flask to the line with distilled water anyway, then this error shouldn't matter. However, without information about standard solution 5 and how it is mixed, I can't tell you what the error will do for sure. 2) Again, I need to know how your stock solutions were mixed to calculate the mg in an 8 ounce glass of your drink. Let's say there are about 5 mg per glass, that a human weighs about 80 kg, and that he can drink an infinite number of glasses of soda without dying. 1glass/5mg * 10000mg/kg * 80kg = 160,000 glasses of soda before he reaches the LD50 concentration. Assuming that there is 5mg per glass. Again, I don't have your lab instructions for the way your stocks were mixed, so I can't answer completely. 3) I have no idea how much waste, you have got to post more of the lab procedure if you want answers to some of these questions. As for the copper sulfate, copper is a metal that should be recovered or disposed of in a secure sanitary landfill

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