Biology lab homework Dragon Genes http://www.concord.org/stem-resources/modern-g
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Biology lab homework
Dragon Genes
http://www.concord.org/stem-resources/modern-genetics
BLY 121L - Take Home Assignment
Due: Start of class time – At the start of class next week
Answers MUST be…
Complete ALL 4 modules:
1. Intro & Rules
2. Meiosis
3. Pedigree and Genes
4. The Plates Problem
Complete and answer all of the questions from each module.
Introduction
Breed dragons to yield several offspring and develop a chart for all of the phenotypic characteristics you observe.
What are the traits exhibited by your dragons?
**YOU MUST TURN IN YOUR COMPLETED CHART AND IT MUST BE LEGIBLE!
Rules
Dominance and Recessive Traits
What is the chromosome number (“n”) for the dragons?
Which trait(s) exhibit incomplete dominance?
What does it mean for a trait to be incompletely dominant?
No allelic combination is described as being heterozygous recessive. Why do you think this is the case?
Some Traits are Sex-linked
Which dragon trait(s) is/are sex-linked?
How do sex-linked traits differ from autosomal traits?
Color and Lethal Combinations
Describe how the inheritance of color is different from that of horns and/or wings.
On which chromosome is the lethal combination exhibited? What is the lethal combination?
Meiosis
What is the phenotype of your new dragon?
Which traits are inherited from the mother dragon? AND Which traits are inherited from the father dragon?
Were any traits expressed by the offspring that differed from either or both of the parents? If so, what were they?
How does meiosis allow for variation in offspring?
How does fertilization allow for variation in offspring?
Pedigree and Genes
Now that you know how to breed dragons, let's try some selective breeding in the pedigree view. Use the cross tool to breed a new generation of dragons; breed two of the dragons from this new (F1) generation. Repeat this at least 8 times.
What do you notice about the dragons as you continue to breed more generations?
Use the chromosome tool to closely examine the dragons’ genes. If you had trouble answering the sex-linked question above, now you can observe and compare the X and Y chromosomes…
Can you find any genes that are different among the members of your F8 generation?
How many generations do you have to breed until all the dragons are exactly the same?
You are creating an inbred strain of dragons in the final generation(s) of this process. Write a note describing your strain, and explain what is “special” about all individuals in an inbred strain of organisms.
The Plates Problem
Try breeding some offspring to see results of these crosses. Does the pattern of inheritance of plates tell you anything useful?
Based on your breeding experiments, where might you expect to find the gene for plates (i.e., On which chromosome might the gene be located?) Why do you think this is correct?
Dragons that grow plates usually do so quite late in their life, so dragons that have a new baby don't know right away whether or not it will grow plates. Which trait(s) exhibited by a baby might help a mother dragon determine whether her baby will grow up to have plates?
Dragon Genes
Genotypes/Phenotypes
Trait
Phenotype
Genotype
Horns
Horns
No Horns
Wings
Wings
No Wings
Legs
4 Legs
2 Legs
No Legs
Tails
Fancy Tail
Plain Tail
Fire-breathing
Fire-breathing Male
Non-fire-breathing Male
Fire-breathing Female
Non-fire-breathing Female
Color
Green Male
Yellow Male
Red Female
Blue Female
Brown Female
Purple Female
Dragon Genes
Genotypes/Phenotypes
Trait
Phenotype
Genotype
Horns
Horns
No Horns
Wings
Wings
No Wings
Legs
4 Legs
2 Legs
No Legs
Tails
Fancy Tail
Plain Tail
Fire-breathing
Fire-breathing Male
Non-fire-breathing Male
Fire-breathing Female
Non-fire-breathing Female
Color
Green Male
Yellow Male
Red Female
Blue Female
Brown Female
Purple Female
Explanation / Answer
Since the question has a lot of sub-parts, I will answer only four of them according to the answering guidelines.
Q. What are the traits exhibited by your dragons? A. The traits exhibited are body colour, fancy tail and wings.
Q. What is the chromosome number (“n”) for the dragons? A. According to the animation it is 3.
Q. Which trait(s) exhibit incomplete dominance? A. Body colour exhibits incomplete dominance
Q. What does it mean for a trait to be incompletely dominant? A. This phenomena incomplete dominance means that the phenotype for the heterozygotes will be intermediate to that of either of the homozygotes. For e.g. in this case the parents had red and yellow coloured body but the child had a green coloured body which was intermediate of both the colours.
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