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1. Fill in the blank boxes Characteristic Chytridiomycota zygomycota ascomycota

ID: 63133 • Letter: 1

Question

1. Fill in the blank boxes

Characteristic

Chytridiomycota

zygomycota

ascomycota

basidiomycota

Common names?

Chytrids

zygomycetes

Sac fungi

Club fungi

Names of unique structures?

chytrids

zygosporangia

asci

basidiospore

Fruiting body name?

zoosporangium

zygosporangium

ascocarp

basidiocarp

Ploidy of hyphal nuclei?

Septate or aseptate hyphae?

Monokaryotic or dikaryotic?

dikaryotic

Instant or delayed karyogamy?

Where meiosis occurs?

No meiosis

Spores or hyphae

ascospores

No meiosis

Asexual or sexual spores or both?

asexual spores

asexual

asexual

Ploidy of spores?

Associates with what other organisms?

basidiomycota

2. Fungi often have important relationships with other organisms, as mutualists, parasites, or commensals. some species exhibit relationships that do not fall neatly into any of these categories, such as predation. provide examples of two different relationships that fungi have with other organisms. indicate the type of relationship(ex. mutualism, parasitism, predation..) and explain why it was classified as such.

3. fungal cell wall is made up of chitin. describe the chemical composition and properties of chitin that make it function as cell wall. do all the different major clades of fungi have chitin in their cell walls? what organisms can digest chitin? where else is chitin found in the living world?

Characteristic

Chytridiomycota

zygomycota

ascomycota

basidiomycota

Common names?

Chytrids

zygomycetes

Sac fungi

Club fungi

Names of unique structures?

chytrids

zygosporangia

asci

basidiospore

Fruiting body name?

zoosporangium

zygosporangium

ascocarp

basidiocarp

Ploidy of hyphal nuclei?

Septate or aseptate hyphae?

Monokaryotic or dikaryotic?

dikaryotic

Instant or delayed karyogamy?

Where meiosis occurs?

No meiosis

Spores or hyphae

ascospores

No meiosis

Asexual or sexual spores or both?

asexual spores

asexual

asexual

Ploidy of spores?

Associates with what other organisms?

basidiomycota

Explanation / Answer

2)

An example relationship between fungi and plants is Mycorrhiza and it is a mutualistic relationship. Another example of the relationship between fungi and bacteria (cyanobacteria) is lichen and it is also a mutualistic relationship. An example of the relationship between fungi Trichophyton and animals is called parasitism.

For example, the fungi Trichophyton cause athletes food disease in animals (humans), hence it only benefits from the association. Therefore, it is called parasitism. The Mycorrhiza gets food from plants and it fixes the nitrogen for plants. Here, both them benefiting, so it is called mutualism.

3)

Chitin is a homopolysaccharide, which is made up of repeating units of a glucose derived aminosugar called N-acetylglucosamine. The long fibers of chitin polymer form interconnection bonds, which makes it as a strong cell wall material. It is found in cell walls of fungi and the exo or endoskeletons of insects, arthropods, cephalopods and mollusks, etc.