My disease is breast cancer Please I am looking for long, clear and detailed ans

Question

My disease is breast cancer
Please I am looking for long, clear and detailed answer
Thank you , This week, we would like you to perform a broad literature search about all the ways nanotechnologies have been applied to your disease of interest Up until now, our course has focused mostly on nanoparticles for drug delivery, but there a lot of other ways nanomedicine can also make a difference. You are encouraged to think about nanotechnology for screening, diagnosis, prevention, and/or treatment monitoring. And don't limit yourself only to nanotechnologies that are put in the body, there are also a lot ex vivo tools that can be used outside of the body! In your blog please provide a short summary of each of the ways nanotechnology is being applied to each of these areas. And be sure to take good notes, you will be using the materials you find to write your term paper!

Explanation / Answer

Breast cancer morbidity and mortality is unacceptably high even with these much advancement in the field of medicine and is the most common cancer among women. Nanotechnology has become the future of health and medicine, because of the flexibility to work on manipulating the substances into a tiny sizes at an atomic or molecular scale which will be approximately 1/100,000th the width of a human hair. The use of nanotechnology for drug delivery has yielded substantial clinical benefit and proved to be having greater beneficial impact and we can expand this filed to various levels of screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment monitoring.

Nanoparticles for screening: We can use iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) guided by antibodies to detect the presence of cancer tissues in the breast using Magnetic Resonance and near infrared optical imaging. The use of electronic skin made out of nanoparticles and polymers are very useful in detecting embedded lump like objects in the breast as small as 5 mm. This technique is far superior to mammography.

Nanotechnology in diagnosis: The breast cancer diagnosis is done using biomarker (using several markers we can analyze large panels of genomic or proteomic signature at a time) and nanoparticles probes. Using a multiple ligands conjugated with tiny single nanoparticles will provide us an increased specificity and binding affinity to diagnose the cancer tissue. Using theranostic nanotechnology, where a multifunctional plasmonic shell magnetic core nanotechnology driven approach is used to identify the cancer cells shed in the blood stream using optical imaging.

Nanoparticles for Prevention of breast cancer: A variety of nanoparticles and nanoformulations are proving to be a valuable tool for prevention of breast cancer cell proliferation and growth. It has been observed that the combination of nanoformulations of anti estrogens and gold particles along with photochemical extracted from green tea are known to inhibit the growth of cancer cells to a large extent.

Nanoparticles for treatment monitoring: SPIONs (Super paramagnetic Iron oxide Nanoparticles) and Iron oxide Nano particles proved to be a potential tool for real time treatment monitoring using non invasive MRI. It can be used to monitor the drug distribution and tissue response for the drug delivery and helps in the improvement of quality of patient’s life.

In addition to the above in vivo technologies, nanotechnology enabled us to do in vitro diagnostic which is highly specific and sensitive. This will allow us to perform the measurement of multiple targets simultaneously and lithography is one of well established fabrication technique with integrated and portable devices to increase accuracy in the process. Several devices are in use to identify and measure the target protein from serum and tags to identify the cells from the tissue. These mechanisms rely on light, magnetic and electronic effects. Now days, the assessment of cancer is done with the help of biopsies or by comparing the structural images of affected tissues.

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