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a) I 2 (s) + Cu (s) ----> 2 I - (aq) + Cu 2+ (aq) Hint: Carry at least 5 signifi

ID: 635881 • Letter: A

Question

a)

I2(s) + Cu(s) ----> 2I-(aq) + Cu2+(aq)

Hint: Carry at least 5 significant figures during intermediate calculations to avoid round off error when taking the antilogarithm. You may use the OWL references to find the values for physical constants.

Equilibrium constant: ?

delta G° for this reaction would be greater/less than zero

b)

2Ag+(aq) + Ni(s) -----> 2Ag(s) + Ni2+(aq)

Hint: Carry at least 5 significant figures during intermediate calculations to avoid round off error when taking the antilogarithm. You may use the OWL references to find the values for physical constants.

Equilibrium constant: ?

delta G° for this reaction would be greater/less   than zero

c)

What is the calculated value of the cell potential at 298K for an electrochemical cell with the following reaction, when the F2 pressure is 1.17 atm, the F- concentration is 3.99×10-3M, and the Hg2+ concentration is 4.67×10-4M ?

F2(g) + Hg(l)---->2F-(aq) + Hg2+(aq)

Answer: ? V

The cell reaction as written above is spontaneous for the concentrations given: TRUE/FALSE

Explanation / Answer

Part a

a voltaic cell

spontaneous cell reaction

larger voltage at cathode

smaller voltage at anode.

At anode oxidation reaction

Al (s) - ---> Al3+ (aq) + 3 e-

Eox = 1.660 V

At cathode reduction reaction

3 Ag+ (aq) + 3 e - ---> 3 Ag (s)

Ered = 0.799 V

Spontaneous cell reaction

3 Ag+ (aq) + Al (s) ----> 3 Ag (s) + Al3+ (aq)

Standard reduction potential

E° (cell) = Eox + Ered

= 1.66 + 0.799

= 2.459 V

Part b

I2(s) + Cu(s) ----> 2I-(aq) + Cu2+(aq)

Oxidation reaction at anode

Cu(s) ----> Cu2+(aq) + 2e-

Eox = - 0.34 V

Reduction reaction at cathode

I2(s) + 2e- ----> 2I-(aq)

Ered = 0.54 V

Standard reduction potential

E°cell = Eox + Ered

= - 0.34 + 0.54

= 0.20 V

E°cell > 0

G° = - nFE°cell

= - 2 mol x 96500 C/mol x 0.20 V

= - 38600 J/mol

G° < 0

G° = - RT ln K

K = exp (38600/8.314 x 298) = 5.837 x 10^6

Part c

2Ag+(aq) + Ni(s) -----> 2Ag(s) + Ni2+(aq)

Oxidation reaction at anode

Ni(s) ----> Ni2+(aq) + 2e-

Eox = 0.26 V

Reduction reaction at cathode

2Ag+(aq) + 2e- ----> 2Ag(s)

Ered = 0.80 V

Standard reduction potential

E°cell = Eox + Ered

= 0.26 + 0.80

= 1.06 V

E°cell > 0

G° = - nFE°cell

= - 2 mol x 96500 C/mol x 1.06 V

= - 204580 J/mol

G° < 0

G° = - RT ln K

K = exp (204580/8.314 x 298) = 7.259 x 10^35

Part d

F2(g) + Hg(l)---->2F-(aq) + Hg2+(aq)

Oxidation reaction

Hg(l)----> Hg2+(aq) + 2e-

Eox = - 0.855 V

Reduction reaction

F2(g) + 2e- ---->2F-(aq)

Ered = 2.87 V

Standard reduction potential

E°cell = Eox + Ered

= - 0.855 + 2.87

= 2.015 V

From the Nernst equation

E = E°cell - (0.0592/2) log[F-]2 [Hg2+] / [PF2]

= 2.015 - (0.0592/2) log[3.99*10^-3]2 (4.67*10^-4)/ [1.17]

= 2.258 V

E°cell > 0

G° < 0

The cell reaction is spontaneous - True