Take any natural number n . If n is even, divide it by 2 to get n / 2. If n is o
ID: 665495 • Letter: T
Question
Take any natural number n. If n is even, divide it by 2 to get n / 2. If n is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1 to obtain 3n + 1. Repeat the process (which has been called "Half Or Triple Plus One",
or HOTPO[6]) indefinitely. The conjecture is that no matter what number you start with, you will always eventually reach 1. The property has also been called oneness.
Your program should print a maximum of 7 columns per line where each column follows the following format rules: The first number is printed right justified in 5 spaces then a colon is printed then the number of steps is written as a left justified number in 5 spaces. The end result is that we get columns centered on the colon character as shown in the screenshot.
Explanation / Answer
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
// A structure to store an element and its current count
struct eleCount
{
int e; // Element
int c; // Count
};
// Prints elements with more than n/k occurrences in arr[] of
// size n. If there are no such elements, then it prints nothing.
void moreThanNdK(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
// k must be greater than 1 to get some output
if (k < 2)
return;
/* Step 1: Create a temporary array (contains element
and count) of size k-1. Initialize count of all
elements as 0 */
struct eleCount temp[k-1];
for (int i=0; i<k-1; i++)
temp[i].c = 0;
/* Step 2: Process all elements of input array */
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int j;
/* If arr[i] is already present in
the element count array, then increment its count */
for (j=0; j<k-1; j++)
{
if (temp[j].e == arr[i])
{
temp[j].c += 1;
break;
}
}
/* If arr[i] is not present in temp[] */
if (j == k-1)
{
int l;
/* If there is position available in temp[], then place
arr[i] in the first available position and set count as 1*/
for (l=0; l<k-1; l++)
{
if (temp[l].c == 0)
{
temp[l].e = arr[i];
temp[l].c = 1;
break;
}
}
/* If all the position in the temp[] are filled, then
decrease count of every element by 1 */
if (l == k-1)
for (l=0; l<k; l++)
temp[l].c -= 1;
}
}
/*Step 3: Check actual counts of potential candidates in temp[]*/
for (int i=0; i<k-1; i++)
{
// Calculate actual count of elements
int ac = 0; // actual count
for (int j=0; j<n; j++)
if (arr[j] == temp[i].e)
ac++;
// If actual count is more than n/k, then print it
if (ac > n/k)
cout << "Number:" << temp[i].e
<< " Count:" << ac << endl;
}
}
/* Driver program to test above function */
int main()
{
cout << "First Test ";
int arr1[] = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 4, 4};
int size = sizeof(arr1)/sizeof(arr1[0]);
int k = 3;
moreThanNdK(arr1, size, k);
cout << " Second Test ";
int arr2[] = {4, 2, 2, 7};
size = sizeof(arr2)/sizeof(arr2[0]);
k = 3;
moreThanNdK(arr2, size, k);
cout << " Third Test ";
int arr3[] = {2, 7, 2};
size = sizeof(arr3)/sizeof(arr3[0]);
k = 2;
moreThanNdK(arr3, size, k);
cout << " Fourth Test ";
int arr4[] = {2, 3, 3, 2};
size = sizeof(arr4)/sizeof(arr4[0]);
k = 3;
moreThanNdK(arr4, size, k);
return 0;
}
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