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18. One consequence of the compartmentalization of transcription to the nucleus is that eukaryotic mRNAs undergo more processing than prokaryotic mRNAs. Which of the following are part of mRNA processing and maturation in eukaryotes?

A. Splicing of exons together and intron removal.

B. Addition of a 5’ poly A tail and a 3’ cap to the ends of the mRNA.

C. Reverse transcription of the mature mRNA molecule.

D. Both A and B.

E. A, B, and C

Explanation / Answer

Answer: D). Both A and B

The 5' cap and 3' poly-A tail of mRNA precoursors are retained in mature cytoplasmic mRNAs, led to the realization that introns are removed from primary transcripts as exons are spliced together. For short transcription units, RNA splicing usually follows cleavage and polyadenylation of the 3' end of the primary transcript. But for long transcription units containing multiple exons, splicing of exons in the nascent RNA sometimes begins before transcription of the gene is complete.

Polyadenylation is the addition of several hundred A nucleotides to the 3' ends of mRNAs. All eukaryotic mRNAs destined to get a poly A tail.

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