Reaction Reduction potential ( ) The standard reduction potentials of lithiummet

Question

Reaction Reduction potential
() The standard reduction potentials of lithiummetal and chlorine gas are as follows: Reaction Reduction potential (rm V) rm Li^+({it aq}) + e^- rightarrow Li({it s}) -3.04 rm Cl_2({it g}) + 2e^- rightarrow 2Cl^-({it aq}) +1.36 In a galvanic cell, the two half-reactions combine to rm 2Li{it (s)} + Cl_2{it (g)} rightarrow 2LiCl{it (aq)} Calculate the cell potential of this reaction under standardreaction conditions. Express your answer in volts. E^{circ} = rm V Part B Calculate the free energy DeltaG^{circ} of thereaction. Express your answer inkilojoules. Delta G ^{circ} = rm kJ Part C What can be said about the spontaneity ofthis reaction? The reaction is spontaneous as written. spontaneous in the reverse direction. at equilibrium. nonspontaneous in either direction.

Explanation / Answer

Eocell = Ecathode -Eanode You can identify the cathode and anode because the cathode willhave the higher reduction potential than the anode. In this case,Cl is our cathode. Eocell = 1.36-(-3.04) = 4.4V == For the second part, recall that Go = -nFEocell where n is the amount in moles of electrons transferred, and F isfaraday's constant 96485 C/mol e- We know that there are 2 electrons transfered because afterbreaking the reaction into half-reactions, we need to balance outthe number of charges to equal 2. Go = -nFEocell           = -2(96485)(4.4)         = -849068 J or-849.068 kJ A reaction is spontaneous when Go < 0. So inthis case, the reaction is indeed spontaneous aswritten. Don't forget to rate!!

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