10 120 course and explain how the ethylene glycol water solutions works to help

Question

10 120 course and explain how the ethylene glycol water solutions works to help antifreeze and/or act as coolant to protect the vchicles engines based on following Figure 4. An antifreeze is a substance added to water to avoid it freezing when temperatures are would cause pipe clogging and bursting because of the expansion on below 0 °C (freezing freezing). Sometimes the solutions also Glycols are the main commercial antifreeze solutions. Commercial antifrecze (the undiluted liquid) is usually 95%wt ethylene glycol with some anti-foaming, anti-oxidant. and colorants Antifreeze mixture (i.e. antifreeze solution) is prepared nearly 50 50 water-antifreeze. Fig 4. presents the phase diagram for alycols. There are other natural antifreeze substances; besides alcohols, sugars and salts, there are some antifreeze proteins that may keep cells alive down to-15C vapour mixture vapour miture 100°c 100C liquid solution liquid solution 80C 100 60 100 %vol Ethylene Gyccl %vol Propylene Gaycol Fig. 4. Phase diagram for ethylene glycol water solutions and propylene-glycol water solutions, at 100 kPa

Explanation / Answer

BOILING & FREEZING POINTS
Pure water, as you may know, has a boiling point of 212°F (100°C) and a freezing point of 32°F (0°C). However, when you create a 50/50 mixture using water and ethylene glycol, the boiling point rises to 223°F (106°C) and the freezing point lowers to -35°F (-37°C). When you take it one step further, creating a 30/70 mixture of water and ethylene glycol, the boiling point rises to 235°F (113°C) and the freezing point lowers to -67°F (-55°C).

Why does this happen? Well, when water freezes, it expands and crystallizes. If we add chemicals to water, however, the molecules will have to work harder to join together and crystallize. Their struggle results in a lower freezing point. So in the end, inexpensive water and functional coolant form the perfect pair.

CYCLING THROUGH THE SYSTEM
To maintain the cooling system’s temperature, antifreeze is pumped through the engine and the heater core, where it absorbs excess heat. It also runs through the radiator, dissipating heat to the outside air. The antifreeze runs through this cycle continues until it becomes old and contaminated. Eventually, of course, it will need to be replaced to ensure that it remains effective.

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