27. A sketch of a phase diagram is given below Which statement about this diagra

Question

27. A sketch of a phase diagram is given below Which statement about this diagram is can melt the soli can cause the solid to sublime can cause the liquid to v at constant at constant tion of solid from gas to freeze ssure at constant at constant e can cause 28. Asketch of the phase diagram (not to scale) of water is given below. Which statement concerning the path ( ken line) is false? t E the water is all solid (ice) If heat is added to the ice at point E, the temperature of the ice increases until line is reached, then the temperature remains constant until all of the ice is melted nce all the ice has melted (at the intersection of the broken line and line AB) the of the water increases as heat is added until F is reached If more heat is added upon reaching point F, the temperature will remain constant as he liquid water v Another way to all of the water at F is to increase the 29. Which of the following compounds would be expected to have the highest melting point? BaCl BaBr Bal af

Explanation / Answer

27 e is not true. ( By decrease the pressure at constant temperature, we can get liquid to freeze.)

28 e is not true. ( If we increase pressure we at point F we will remain in liquid phase.)

29. a. BaF2 1368°C

BaCl2 = 962°C, BaBr2 = 857°C, BaI2 =711°C, NaF =993°C

The ionic bond between cations and anions is strong.
It takes a lot of energy to overcome this attraction in order to allow the ions to move more freely and form a liquid.

The factors which affect the melting point of an ionic compound are:

(i) Charge on the Ions

In general, the greater the charge, the greater the electrostatic attraction, the stronger the ionic bond, the higher the melting point.

ii) The size of the ions.

Smaller ions can pack closer together than larger ions so the electrostatic attraction is greater, the ionic bond is stronger, the melting point is higher.

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