Homework 1 Chapter 11 & 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids Liquid S
ID: 715083 • Letter: H
Question
Homework 1 Chapter 11 & 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids Liquid State 1. Wil a substance with strong intermolecular attractions have a) a high or a low vapor pressure? b) a high or low boiling point? Explain why the entropy of vaporization of a compound is larger than the entropy of fusion of that compound 2 a) What effect does increasing pressure have on the boiling point of a liquid? b) Will the boiling point of water be higher or lower than 100°C on top of Mt. Everest? Explain Solid State 3. How does an amorphous solid differ from a crystalline one? Phase Diagrams 4. What is the significance of the triple point of a phase diagram? 5. Referring to the phase diagram of H2O to the right describe any changes in the phases present when H2O is a) kept at O'C while the pressure is increased from that at point 1 to that at point 5 (vertical line); b) kept at 1.00 atm while the temperatore is increased from that at point 6 to that at point 9 (horizontal line). GasExplanation / Answer
Liquid state:
1 a. The substance with a strong intermolecular attraction will have a low vapor pressure.
Explanation: The vapor pressure is inversely related to the intermolecular attraction.
1 b. The substance with a strong intermolecular attraction will have a high boiling point.
Explanation: The boiling point is directly related to the intermolecular attraction.
2. Fusion results in the solid, whereas evaporation results in the gas.
The reason is that gases have more disorderness, i.e. gases have more randomness. As the disorderness/randomness increases, the entropy increases. Hence, the entropy of vaporization is larger than the entropy of fusion.
a) The increasing pressure will increase the boiling point of a liquid according to the Gay-Lussac's law, i.e. P is directly related to T.
b) At higher altitudes, pressure decreases, as a result, the boiling point decreases. Hence, the boiling point of water will be lower than 100 oC on the top of Mouunt Everest.
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