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1. Light..

A. Directly opens ion channels in the cell membrane

B. Carries important information if its polarize

C. is the easiest sensation to process

D. interacts with lipids in the membrane to be detected

E. activates ion containing protein, like hemoglobin, in the retina of vertebrates

2. Why do some animals only see in the visual spectrum (400-700nm)

A. To see in UV required compound eyes

B. Radiation below 400nm has too little energy to be detected by proteins

C. To see in the infrared requires two lens in series

D. Animals that only see in the visual spectrum commonly have binocular vision, preventing them from seeing any other wavelength

E. None of the above

3. Animal snesory systems...

A. Require complex nervous systems to process complex stimuli

B. provide essential information for animal survival

C. Compare the value of a stimulus to the desired level of that stimulus

D. do not provide absolute values of stimuli, but how stimuli change with time

E. All the above

4. What is the significance of a coefficient <1.0 in Kleiber's law?

A. As an animal doubles in size, the size of it's cells also doubles

B. As an animal grows into adulthood, the size of it's cells decreases, cell number increases

C. Large animal species produce more carbon dioxide than small animal species

D. Large animal species consume more oxygen than small animal species

E. None of the above

5. Selectively paying attention to some stimuli while ignoring others...

A. only happens in invertebrates

B. allows animals to pay attention to the most immeadiate threats

C. is the basis of consciousness

D. only happens in vertebrates

E. None of the above

Explanation / Answer

Ques1.

Light: - activates ion containing protein, like hemoglobin, in the retina of vertebrates

This ion containing protein is rhodopsin. And the ion is H+ ion. These proteins are present in the retina of eye, and they contain a chromophore, retinal. When light falls on rhodopsin molecule, the retinal becomes excited, and one H+ is pumped from inside to outside of the retinal cell.

Ques2.

E (none of the above)

Some animals, like humans see only in visual spectrum because visual spectrum has highest energy in sunlight at earth's surface. So, why will they use any other spectrum, like UV or infrared, when maximum and best work is done by the visual spectrum? So, they evolved to see in visual spectrum.

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