Question 1 (2 points) Indicate the true statement below regarding differentiatio

Question

Question 1 (2 points)

Indicate the true statement below regarding differentiation of blood cells.

Question 1 options:

Most blood cells are derived from the pluripotent stem cells by a few cell divisions

Commitment to a specific differentiation path is a stepwise process

Upon contacting connective-tissue cells of the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells lose their stem-cell character and differentiate

Committed hematopoietic progenitor cells typically divide slowly

Question 2 (2 points)

If a hematopoietic cell is deprived of colony-stimulating factors, it typically …

Question 2 options:

dies by apoptosis

differentiates randomly into several cell types

differentiates randomly to one cell type

enters a quiescent state

Question 3 (2 points)

Indicate the false statement below regarding the regenerative capacity of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

Question 3 options:

When the animal is starved, some of its cells are cannibalized by other cells

The differentiated cells in the animal’s body are continually replaced

A single healthy cell is not able to rescue a lethally irradiated animal from death

Only neoblasts are capable of rescuing a lethally irradiated animal from death

Question 4 (2 points)

Stem cells can be obtained from self-renewing regions of an adult vertebrate brain, cultured in suspension or in monolayer, and later grafted back into a live animal. When implanted, stem cells isolated from mouse hippocampus …

Question 4 options:

can only give rise to hippocampus neurons, even in a different location in the brain

can give rise to neurons in another part of the brain, e.g. in the olfactory bulb

are unable to proliferate unless implanted in the hippocampus, where they contribute to its neurons

can give rise to any cell (e.g. muscle cells) when implanted into muscle tissue

Question 5 (1 point)

Which of the following tasks is possible with current stem-cell and reprogramming technology?

Question 5 options:

Guiding ES cells to generate any desired adult cell type.

Generating functional whole organs from iPS cells for transplantation

Forcing transdifferentiation of any terminally differentiated cell into another cell.

In vitro screening for drug discovery using patient-specific iPS-derived cells as disease models.

Question 6 (2 points)

Sort the following events to reflect the order in which they typically take place during the reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 6 options:

1234

Gain of embryonic marker protein

1234

Loss of fibroblast-specific marker protein

1234

Sustained endogenous expression of Oct4

1234

OSKM overexpression

Question 7 (2 points)

Carcinomas are tumors arising from

Question 7 options:

epithelial tissue

bone

muscle

connective tissue

Question 8 (2 points)

Cancer is more common in older people because

Question 8 options:

their immune systems have degenerated

they have accumulated more mutations

Most blood cells are derived from the pluripotent stem cells by a few cell divisions

Commitment to a specific differentiation path is a stepwise process

Upon contacting connective-tissue cells of the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells lose their stem-cell character and differentiate

Committed hematopoietic progenitor cells typically divide slowly

Explanation / Answer

Question 1.......Indicate the true statement below regarding differentiation of blood cells.

The correct option is …………… Commitment to a specific differentiation path is a stepwise process

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