The claude liquefication process is to be applied to methane. Using the schemati

Question

The claude liquefication process is to be applied to methane. Using the schematic below for stream numbering, the key variables depend on the fraction of stream 3 that is liqefied m(dot)_8/m(dot)_3, and the graction of stream 3 that is fed through the expander, m(dot)_5/ m(dot)_3. create a table listing all stream from low to high stream numbers. fill in the table as you complete the problem sections. Attach a P-H diagram with your solution.

(a) write a mass balance for the system boundary encompassing all equipment except the compressor and precooler.

(b) write an energy balance for the same boundary decribed in part (A) and show m(dot)_8/m(dot)_3 = (H_3 - H_12) + (m(dot)_5/m(dot)_3)W_s(expander)/ (H_8 - H_12)

(c) Stream 3 is to be 300 K and 3 MPa, stream 4 is to be 280 K and 3 MPa, stream 12 is to be 290K and 0.1MPa, and the flash drum is to operate at .1MPa. The expander has an efficiency of 91%. The fraction liquefied is to bem(dot)_8/m(dot)_3 = .15. Determine how much flow to dierct through the expander,m(dot)_5/m(dot)_3.

(d) Find the enthalpies of stream 3-12, and the temperatures and pressures.

Explanation / Answer

A gas possessing a critical temperature above room temperature may be liquefied by increasing the pressure on it. Otherwise, the gas must first be cooled below its critical temperature and then compressed; or, if desired, cooled directly to its boiling point under normal pressure. The methods of cooling are (1) by evaporation under reduced pressure, as in the cascade liquefier; (2) by using the principle of the Joule-Thomson effect (the Linde process); (3) by causing the gas to expand against an external pressure; in doing so the gas does work, thereby cooling itself. This principle is used in the Claude process.

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