135. (3 pts) The gamma hemoglobin genes are transcribed in the fetus, but are no

Question

135. (3 pts) The gamma hemoglobin genes are transcribed in the fetus, but are not transcribed after birth. The5Go gene encodes a positive regulatory transcription factor that controls gamma-hemoglobin gene transcription. A 1-base pair deletion mutation in the first exon of the GO gene would be expected to produce which pattern of gamma-hemoglobin gene transcription? ion after birth Transcription in fetus Off E All of the above. 136. A flower color pattern (petals with small blue patches on a white background for a particular plant is caused by transposons. Usually, the white background of the petal is caused by a transposon cising from a pigment biosynthesis gene B. duplicating a pigment biosynthesis gene C. inserted in a pigment biosynthesis gene D, moving a pigment biosynthesis gene to a new site in the chromosome E. All of the above. 137. (3 pts) A small transcription factor gene family in a mammalian genome consists of genes X, Y and Z. The genes are closely linked with Gene Y in the middle. Gene X and Y encode proteins with 95% identical amino acid sequences, Genes Y and Z oncode proteins with 55% identical amino acid sequences. The most likely order of events that created this gene family is the initial duplication of an ancestral transcription factor gene to form genes and Z, followed by duplication of gene Z to form genes X and Z B. X and Z, followed by duplication of gene X to form genes X and Y C. Y and 2, followed by duplication of gene Y to form genes X and Y D. X and Y, followed by duplication of gene Y to form genes Y and Z. E. All of the above. 138. Genes X and Y described above are expressed in the liver, whereas Gene Z is expressed in the kidney. Most likely this is because Gene Z differs from genes X and Y in the A exon sequences B. activation domain sequences C. DNA binding domain sequences D. enhancerl promoter sequence. E. intron sequences 139. Which drug would most likely be the worst candidate to specifically inhibit progression of a retrovirus such as the AIDS virus? A specific inhibitor of A. integrase activity. B. reverse tran minoacyl tRNA synthetase activit E. Both A and C 140, Transcription of a miRNA gene produces a non-coding RNA molecule about 21 nucleotides in length. A, a non-coding RNA about 500 to 1000 nucleotides that base pair with itself. B. in length that does not base pair with itself. C, a non-coding RNA, about 500 to 1000 nu D. an RNA molecule about 21 nucleotides in length that encode a micro protein E. a large RNA molecule that is translated into a large protein that is digested into micro proteins. 141. The most important reason why proofreading is important is because rare mistakes during RNA translation sometimes results in the synthesis of inactive prote A. transcription sometimes results in the synthesis ol B. RNA C. DNA replication are inherited a stable mutations by future generations. D. All of the above are equally important. None of the above is important

Explanation / Answer

135). E. All of the above.

Mutations in the exon regions do produce changes in phenotypic characters. Addition and deletion mutations mostly result in either the non-functional proteins or no proteins at all. So, the gene may be turned on or off during and after birth (the mutated gene may have lost control over its inhibition after birth), but the proteins produced by this gene will be ineffective or no proteins will be produced at all.

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