EAP HW 23 – Metabolism and Energetics AND Urinary system 1) Define nutrients 2)
ID: 79025 • Letter: E
Question
EAP HW 23 – Metabolism and Energetics AND Urinary system
1) Define nutrients
2) Provide 6 examples of nutrients
3) Define energetics
4) Define metabolism
5) Define catabolism
6) Define anabolism
7)Provide 4 basic reasons why cells synthesize new organic components
8)Summarize the best way to carbohydrate load before an endurance sport.
9) Why do we need cholesterol?
10) My sister has high cholesterol levels but eats little cholesterol. How can this be?
11) What is a normal level of cholesterol?
12) Define low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) AND why are they considered “bad cholesterol”
13) Define high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) AND why are they considered “good cholesterol”
14) Define ketosis
15) Define ketoacidosis
16) Why can a diabetic display ketoacidosis?
17) Define nutrition
18) Do you think it’s odd that the Department of Agriculture is telling you what to eat? Explain.
19) Vegans (vegetarians who avoid all animal products) face a significant problem because vitamin _________ can be obtained only from animal products, or from fortified cereals or tofu.
20) Define minerals
21) Define vitamins
Urinary system
22) Provide the 3 major functions of the urinary system
23)Define nephron
24) Provide 3 functions of the nephron
25) Define reabsorption along the renal tubule
26) Define secretion along the renal tubule
27) Summarize how kidney failure is treated
28) Define incontinence
29) Can infants control their urine before 2 years old? Explain.
30) Define stress incontinence
31) Provide 7 age-related changes to the urinary system
Explanation / Answer
1. ANS: a substance that provides nourishment essential for the maintenance of life and for growth.
2. ANS: Carbohydrates( sugar, rice, wheat,), Fats, fruits (apple, orange, mango) etc…
3. ANS: the branch of science which deals with the properties of energy and the way in which it is redistributed in physical, chemical, or biological processes.
4. ANS: the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life
5. ANS: the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy
6. ANS: the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy
7. ANS: Four Basic Reasons
1. To carry out structural maintenance or repairs
2. To support growth
3. To produce secretions
4. To store nutrient reserves
8. ANS: Carbo-loading can help you race without hitting the wall—as long as you do it right. Most runners know they should eat pasta, rice, potatoes, or other high-carb foodsbefore a half or full marathon
9. ANS: We need a small amount of blood cholesterol because the body uses it to: build the structure of cell membranes. make hormones like oestrogen, testosterone and adrenal hormones. help your metabolism work efficiently, for example, cholesterolis essential for your body to produce vitamin D.
1. ANS:
11. ANS: The normal level of cholesterol is the Total Cholesterol Level is Less than 40 mg/dL.
12. ANS: Blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are often assessed when evaluating the risk of future heart disease. Elevated levels of LDL-C in the blood are associated with icreased risk of artherosclerosis and heart disease. So LDL-C is usually termed the “bad” cholesterol.
13. ANS: a lipoprotein of blood plasma that is composed of a highproportion of protein with little triglyceride and cholesterol and that is correlated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis, so it is called also good cholesterol
14. ANS: Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides most of the energy.
15. ANS: ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones.
16. ANS: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. The condition develops when your body can't produce enough insulin. ... Without enough insulin, your body begins to break down fat as fue
17. ANS: the branch of science that deals with nutrients and nutrition, particularly in humans.
18. ANS:
19. ANS: Nutrients Potentially Missing On A Vegan Diet are Vitamin A, D, B12, Protein and zinc
20. ANS: a solid, naturally occurring inorganic substance.
21. ANS: any of a group of organic compounds which are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.
22. ANS: 3 primary functions of the urinary system
excretion - removal of wastes
elimination - discharge of water products into the environment
homeostatic regulation - maintaining blood balance and blood pressure
23. ANS: each of the functional units in the kidney, consisting of a glomerulus and its associated tubule, through which the glomerular filtrate passes before emerging as urine.
24. ANS: ) Filtration of solid wastes in the blood;
2) Reabsorption of essential nutrients from the fluid before it becomes urine, and
3) Excretion of urine as body waste.
25. ANS: The fluid that filters through the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule (glomerular filtrate) is very similar to blood plasma without the proteins, and at this point not at all like urine.Tubular reabsorption is the process that moves solutes and water out of the filtrate and back into your bloodstream.
26. ANS: The substance that remains in the collecting duct of the kidneys following reabsorption is better known as urine.Tubular secretion is the transfer of materials from peritubular capillaries to the renal tubular lumen and occurs mainly by active transport and passive diffusion.
27. ANS: The purpose of hemodialysis is to filter your blood. This type of dialysis uses a machine to remove harmful wastes and extra fluid, as your kidneys did when they were healthy. Hemodialysis helps control blood pressure and balance important minerals, such as potassium, sodium, calcium, and bicarbonate, in your blood.
28. ANS: lack of voluntary control over urination or defecation.
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