You recently discovered four new chemical mutagens (#1- #4), but you do not know

Question

You recently discovered four new chemical mutagens (#1- #4), but you do not know what type(s) of mutations these chemicals induce. You exposed E. coli to each chemical individually and observed mutant phenotypes. You then exposed this bacteria to a second known mutagen to observe if the mutations from chemicals #1-#4 could be reversed. Your data is presented below. Use this chart to help interpret your data and answer the questions. Enter your answer as one of the following: frameshifts, transitions, or transversions What types of mutations are likely produced by chemical #1 (s) ________ What types of mutations are likely produced by chemical #2(b) ________ What types of mutations are likely produced by chemical #4(c) ________

Explanation / Answer

1. Chemical 1- It seems to be causing frameshift mutation (Since, it's effect has been reversed by acridine orange, which is an intercalating agent and itself results in frameshift mutation. Hence, it may have neutralized the effect of chemical 1)

2. Chemical 2- It seems to be causing transition. (Both EMS and Bromo Uracil cause transition. Here, we observe that both these mutagens were able to reverse the effect of chemical 2. However, acridine orange was not able to reverse the mutation. So, it seems that chemical 2 might have caused transition)

3. Chemical 4 - It seems to be causing transversion. (Acridine orange was not able to reverse the mutation, so it does not appear to be frameshift mutation. Also, EMS and BU did not cause reversion. Hence, it does not appear to be transition. So, chemical 4 may be causing transversion)

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