ENVM 510 – Environmental Health and Epidemiology Fall 2016 Week 6 Graded Assignm

Question

ENVM 510 – Environmental Health and Epidemiology Fall 2016
Week 6 Graded Assignment
Instructions:
The occurrence of infectious disease outbreaks associated with recreational
water contact has been widely recognized and reported. In the article “Shigellosis from
swimming in a park pond in Michigan,” Joel Blostein discusses the epidemiologic
investigation of an infectious disease outbreak. Please read the article and answer the
following questions. The article can be accessed at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1580235/pdf/pubhealthrep00190-0095.pdf
1. Describe the infectious agent in terms of its microbial classification and
incubation period.
2. The investigator identifies several potential sources of infection in this outbreak.
Are there any other potential sources of infection not identified in this study?
3. The investigator utilizes a case-control study design to assess infection and
identify possible sources of infection. What other study design could be used to
assess infection and identify possible sources of infection? Describe how you
would carry out an outbreak investigation using that study design.
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of questioning individuals who were
not ill?
5. What problems can you identify in this study design? What could have been
done to correct those problems?
6. Given the likely sources of infection in this outbreak, what measures would you
recommend to protect public health?
Please make sure that you answer each part of the question and that you do so
using complete sentences, proper spelling and grammar, etc. Make sure your answers
are thorough, yet concise and that you support your responses with at least two (2)
appropriately cited references. Wikipedia is not an acceptable reference.
Submission Instructions:
Assignments must be submitted in Word file as
Lastname_ENVM510_M6GradedAssign by 11:55pm EST on Friday, October 7, 2016.
Reference:
Blostein, J. 1991. Shigellosis from swimming in a park pond in Michigan. Public Health
Rep. 106:317-322

Explanation / Answer

1. Infectious agent in this case is Shigella bacteria and it can be classified as

Kingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Proteobacteria

Class: Gammaproteobacteria

Order: Enterobacteriales

Family: Enterobacteriaceae

Genus: Shigella.

The genus is divided into four serogroups with multiple serotypes: A (S dysenteriae, 12 serotypes); B (S flexneri, 6 serotypes); C (S boydii, 18 serotypes); and D (S sonnei, 1 serotype).

As long as the organism remains viable it can take upto 6 month to infect any body .

2. I don’t find any other sources were being left out as the cases were reported from the children who were not being able to express themselves properly, and all the cases have appeared after visiting the water body so this bacteria have entered from this contaminated water of the water body.

3.

4.Advantages in questioning individuals who where not ill are

It can provide some idea about how long this individuals were present in the contaminate water

How they have behaved wile being in the water.i.e, they have consumed any quantity of infected water or not

5.

6. The most likelihood for the outburst of the infection was due to the contamination water in the pond which might have enter into the victims body by direct intake is the main cause for the outbreak of the infection.

I would recommend the park administration to clean the water body on regular basis

I would prefer to make the general people educated on this issue by raising an campaign in order to prevent this type of future event

I would also ask park administration to take care that nobody is allowed to remain longer hours on the water body along with to place an notice in front of the water body about the potential danger about the bacteria.

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