15) What part of a soil horizon collects nutrients and fine-grained material? A.
ID: 803508 • Letter: 1
Question
15) What part of a soil horizon collects nutrients and fine-grained material?
A. Zone of leaching
B. O-horizon
C. B-horizon
D. Zone of accumulation
E. C & D
16) In tropical environments with volcanic activity, which type of soils would one expect to find?
A. Al-rich laterites
B. Pedocals
C. Pedalfers
D. Fe-rich laterites
E. None of the above
17) Which process does NOT help to produce soils?
A. Slope steepness
B. Substrate composition
C. Time
D. Climate
E. Folding
18) Soil loss in Iceland has been caused by:
A. Catabatic winds
B. Deforestation
C. Slash and burn of fields
D. Over-grazing
E. A, B & D
19) Can plants be grown without soil?
A. No
B. Yes
C. Maybe
20) Mass movements and landslides can be caused by:
A. Freeze – thaw action on hill slopes
B. Ground shaking by earthquakes
C. Saturation of soils by rainwater
D. Slumping
E. All of the above
21) Which is NOT a type of mass movement?
A. Creep
B. Solifluction
C. Slump
D. Landslide
E. Tsunami
Pretty please answer all! :)
Explanation / Answer
15 a. The O horizon forms the topmost layer of the soil and it consists mainly of humus or organic matter mixed with little sediment.
16.e None of the above: The soil which is found in the tropical environment with frequent volcanic activity is the andisols. This soil is made up of volcanic ash material and contains high proportion of glass and amorphous collidal particles. Since these soils are quite young and therefore very soil is very fertile and is black in colour.
17.e The factors which are responsible for the formation of soil are the source or substrate compostion, climate, drainage, topographic relief, time and rate of physical and chemical weathering. Folding does not play any role in the formation of soil.
18a. In Iceland all the factors like overgrazing by animals, deforestation of birchwood and katabatic wind, frequent volcanoes, glacial floods all play major role in the soil erosion.
19.b. Yes, plants can be grown without soil. The key to a plant growth is mineral nutrients like phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium. If we can add these nutients into the plant's water supply then we dont require soil for its growth. Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in a water solution consisting of mineral nutrients without soil.
20. e all the above Mass movement is the process in which soil and rock debris move short distances downslope from the site at which they originated. eg of mass movement is debris flows, landslides, rock falls, mudflows etc. It can be caused by slumping, ground shaking by earthquakes,saturation of soils by rainwater, freeze and thaw action on hillslopes etc.
21.e the downslope movement of slope material under the influence of gravitational force of the material itself and without the assistance of moving water, ice or air. Examples of mass movement are landslides, creep, solifluction, slump, mudflow, earthflow etc. Tsunami is not an example of mass movement
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