Hello, Can someone summarize this chapter in a paragraph of 5 or 6 lines? Thank

Question

Hello,

Can someone summarize this chapter in a paragraph of 5 or 6 lines?

Thank you

and 18th Centuries cassilication Microscopes and Fossils and 18th centuries, as hurope shifted from an agrarian to an indus In the 17 trialized society, the study of natural science was transformed. A new scientific hilosophy experimentally based, b came the hallmark of European "scientific societies" or "academies." It differed from the ancient more abstract work of Pla to's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum. While philosophers, like Rene Descartes 596-1650) and Francis Bacon (1561-1639) rovided a rationale for the n academies, scientists like Galileo and Harvey, guided the experimental approach and innovations like the microscope, telescope, and thermometer, made scientific investigations possible Of the many academies that cropped up in Europe and the United States during this period, the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris and the Royal Sociey of London wer among the most notable. In the United States, scientific societies were modeled after the Royal Society of London (the primary scientific advisor of the British govern ment), but remained independent of government ties. In 1863, the National Academy of Sciences became the United States government's official institution for advisement on scientific issues. And despite, Galileo's Innovative instrumentation gave way to innovative ideas devel logic, through my telescope," an elaborate 'dance' the oped "that anyone can see about between their instruments offering novel insights scientists and from the heavens to microscopic life world Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Leeuwenhoek Referred to as Microbiology Antonie van 2-1723) the "Father of previously unknown. (little oek's revealed a world of microorganisms, as "animalcules" revelation he referred to of microscopic what

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

The chapter focuses about the evolution of natural science in the 17th and 18th century and have been discussed pointwise below:

1. Anton van Leeuwenhoek during this period became the first person to visualize prokaryotic cells ('animalcules') and pioneered the field of microscopy. He discovered protozoans, blood cells, bacteria and spermatozoa with the help of his microscopes.

2. Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist who developed the 7-level taxa system, based on similarities between organisms. He proposed the Binomial Nomenclature (two-part naming system) based on the observable features of living things.

3. George Buffon proposed that living things do change through time, but rejected the idea that one species could evolve into another species.

4. Erasmus Darwin was a poet, physician, plant biologist; Darwin's grandfather; said that life from Earth could have descended from a common ancestor and was aware of how breeders used breeding practices to change traits of domesticated species.

5. Georges Cuvier was a natural scientist, instrumental in comparing anatomy with fossils. He stated that extinction is a fact and catastrophism and leads to mass extinctions.

6. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck hypothesized that species change over time by adapting to new environments and organisms changed their behavior in response to environmental change. This then modified traits inherited by offspring and thus developed idea of the "inheritance of acquired characteristics".

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