This is an Epidimiology question!!! from the movie And the Band Played On 1. Rec

Question

This is an Epidimiology question!!!

from the movie And the Band Played On

1.   Recognition of the AIDS epidemic in this country began in the late ‘70’s in SF, LA and NY.

a. What clues, symptoms and opportunistic diseases were observed during that period that signaled the start of a new infectious disease?

b. Why did researchers find these factors significant?

c. Identify the study design that was used to collect information about these early cases.

2. Case Investigation:

a. Describe the CDC’s approach to case investigations.

b. Was active or passive surveillance used to identify the first AIDS cases?

c. Do you think the correct approach was used?

d. If you were leading the investigation, what would you have done differently?

3.   Who is Gaten Dugas and how did he play a key role in the investigation?

a. How many sexual encounters did he have per year

b. What factors (personality, career) contributed to Gaten’s unique contribution to the AIDS epidemic.

4. Patient Confidentiality:

a. List an example of how patient confidentiality was or was not protected.

b. How did access to patient names progress or inhibit the HIV investigation?

5.   By the time the first HIV screening test was available in 1985, there were 8,408 reported cases of AIDS and 6,305 AIDS-related deaths in the US.

a. What was the cumulative incidence rate? What was the case-fatality rate?

b. Compare the incidence rate and case fatality rate calculated above in question 2a to the incidence and case fatality rates first reported in the movie and to current incidence and fatality rates (hint: you will find this current data CDC’s website).  

6.     Discuss some of the factors, including local and federal politics that inhibited the early war against AIDS.

a. What would have happened if CDC had more support to investigate the initial outbreak?

b. What changes in policy and medicine have improved the life span of HIV positive individuals?

c. Have the factors you identified in 4b, changed more than just the lifespan? Identify at least one way in which these factors have impacted Public health work to end HIV.

Explanation / Answer

a.

The opportunistic disease was Ebola virus disease (EVD). It is a viral hemorrhagic fever, characterized with muscular pain, fever, sore throat, headache, diarrhea, and rashes. Kidney and liver function is dismantled.

Other clue to the spread of this epidemic is the country is the increased number of pleasure-seeking men and women.

Herpes virus infection had also been seen.

b.

These factors were significant because they weaken the immune system. As a result HIV virus can contract easily.

c.

Study design used to collect information about these early cases was analytical. Studies were made on the basis of observation; more often chance observation. Such a study is said to be analytical observational study.

The study was totally observational. American epidemiologist Francis arrived on the banks of Ebola River in 1976. There he discovered that many eminent personalities had died because of a mysterious disease. Then he starts observing the factors which were responsible for this disease.

**Please post the rest of the parts separately (as according to Chegg guidelines).

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