First pic is the first part of the case study. Second pic has the question for i

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First pic is the first part of the case study. Second pic has the question for it please help answer with detail FINAL IMMUNO SP 2016 Gregory M. was a 22-year-old student at the University of Texas who had been in relatively good health throughout his life. He was a distance runner on the cross-country and track teams at the university. part of January 2002 he developed a mild fever, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, excessive and fatigue, particularly after completing a training session. Although he was already thin due to his athletic regimen, he began losing weight. He consulted the athletic trainer who believed that his symptoms were simply those of a driven athlete who was under stress due to academics and the pressure of training for highly competitive meets. Gregory was not entirely convinced, so he sought advice from a local clinician. The clinician concluded that the symptoms were indicative of infectious mononucleosis. After three weeks the symptoms went away and Gregory felt considerably better. He excelled in cross- country and track and graduated with honors near the top of his class in the spring of 1985. After graduating, he continued to train as a semi-professional runner, preparing for and participating in international meets and races. Seven years after graduating Gregory noticed several brown papules on the skin of his feet. After consultation with a physician, the raised lesions were diagnosed as malignant and multifocal neoplasm indicative of Kaposi's Sarcoma. ELISA and western blot confirmed infection with HIV, Additionally, he was shown to have a rapid increase in serum levels of IgG and lgA consistent with clinical signs associated with AIDS, which he was diagnosed as having based on symptoms and laboratory findin Gregory was familiar with HIV infection and its ramifications, but he continued to work out and convinced himself that by doing so the HIV infection and concomitant symptoms of ADs would go eral months after his diagnosis he suffered from a bout of pneumonia. Laboratory analysis confir that the pneumonia was caused by Pneumocystis carinii, one of the organisms commonly associated is blood at this time indicated that he had 300 CD4+ T lympho

Explanation / Answer

Ans)Transmission of HIV infection occurs by:

2.Are there some individuals who have been infected with HIV for a long time but have not yet progressed to AIDS?

Ans)Yes,Individuals who do not progress to AIDS are having very low HIV-1 viral loads.

3.What cell types of the human host carry HIV?

Ans)cell types of the human host that carry HIV are :

4.How does HIV gain access to host cells?

Ans)

5.AIDS may initially manifest as persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome. What does this mean?

Ans)In Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome individuals have enlarged lymph nodes at multiple sites for longer than three months. It means that it is the first indication of serious local or systemic condition.

6.How many types of HIV are known to be in existence?

Ans)Two major types of  HIV are known to be in existence

7.Because infection with HIV does not result in elimination of the virus by the immune system, does this mean that the immune system does not respond?

Ans)No, immune system does respond. The initial immune response is actually quite strong .There is production of antibody and generation of CD8 T lymphocytes. This helps to control the level of virus even though HIV continues to replicate. However, ultimately the virus replicates at a higher rate than the immune system can keep up with which leads to increase in the HIV infection.

8.Ans)In 2015,there were 34 million-39.8 million people living with HIV.

Approximately 35 million people is the mortality rate asscociated with the HIV virus.

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