A statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that spontaneous reactions ar

Question

A statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that spontaneous reactions are always exothermic. energy is conserved in a chemical reaction. the Gibbs free energy is a function of both enthalpy an delta S = - delta H for any chemical reaction. in a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases. As defined by Ludwig Boltzmann, the third law of thermodynamics states t lat in a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases. there is no disorder in a perfect crystal at 0 K. the total entropy of the universe is always increasing. the total energy of the universe is constant. mass and energy are conserved in all chemical reactions. If a chemical reaction has a positive change in entropy then the change in enthalpy is negative. the reaction is exothermic. heat goes from the system into the surroundings. the disorder of the system increases. the reaction is spontaneous. All of the following processes lead to an increase in entropy EXCEPT decreasing the temperature of a gas. melting a solid chemical reactions that increase the number of moles of gas. forming mixtures from pure substances. evaporating a liquid Which reaction is likely to have a negative change in entropy? 2 NH3(g) rightarrow N2(g) + 3 H2(g) CaCO3(s) rightarrow CaO(s) + CO2(g) NaCl(s) rightarrow Na+(aq) + Cl (aq) N2O4(g) rightarrow 2 N02(g) 2 CO(g) rightarrow 2 C(s) + O2(g) Calculate the standard entropy change for the combustion of methanol at 25 degree C. 2 CH3OH(X) + 3 O2(g) rightarrow 2 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) -2052.3 J/K -312.9 J/K +70.2 J/K +312.9 J/K +2052.3 J/K

Explanation / Answer

38) e

39) b

40) d

41) a

42) e

43) +312.9 Option d

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