Help me study for biology sample question Describe what the \'principle of genet
ID: 83148 • Letter: H
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Help me study for biology sample question
Describe what the 'principle of genetic equivalence' is. The human eye contains cells in the retina, which express light-sensing proteins called opsins, which convert light energy into electrical signals during vision. Do cells in your big toe carry opsin genes? If so, are those genes expressed? Two sisters are born several years apart to the same parents. What proportion of genetic material is shared between the two of them? What is the probability that two children, resulting from separate fertilization events from the same parents, share all their genetic material? (Ignore the effect of crossing over.) Describe what a 'somatic nuclear transfer' experiment is. How is cloning different from in vitro fertilization, in which a sperm and egg are combined in the test tube? Suppose it is the year 2040. You have a close friend who is in need of a new kidney. They are offered two choices: (i) a kidney transplant from a donor. (ii) cells from their body could be used to generate a synthetic (cloned) embryo, from which stem cells could be obtained to repair their own kidney. (iii) Their own body cells could be reprogrammed to make induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, from which kidney cells could be made. Which do you recommend your friend choose, and why? (There is no right answer; this is a hypothetical situation for you to consider how availability of new technologies might directly impact human health.)Explanation / Answer
The principle of gene equivalence states that all cells of body contains complete genome set and therefore all the information necessary to create a complete organism. All cells contain equivalent component of genetic information. Exception occur in some cell where loss, gain or rearrangement of genetic material occur. Cells of an organism differ phenotypically but genotypically they are same.DNA of all differentiated cells are same. The unused genes are not destroyed or mutated and they retain capability of expressing themselves.
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