Potassium chlorate, KClO3, acts as an oxidizing agent in matches, explosives, fl

Question

Potassium chlorate, KClO3, acts as an oxidizing agent in matches, explosives, flares, and fireworks. In the equation below, it is formed from the element chlorine and potassium hydroxide. 3 Cl2 + 6 KOH > KClO3 + 5 KCl + 3 H2O

a. Write a conversion factor that could be used to convert between moles of potassium hydroxide and moles of potassium chlorate.

b. How many moles of potassium chlorate form when 2 moles of potassium hydroxide react completely?

c. What is the maximum number of moles of KClO3 that could form in the combination of 6.0 moles of Cl2 with 9.0 moles of KOH?

Explanation / Answer

3 Cl2 + 6 KOH -------> KClO3 + 5 KCl + 3 H2O

a. From the balanced chemical equation, 6 moles of KOH gives 1 mole of KClO3. So, the conversion factor is (1/6)

b. For 2 moles of KOH, mole of KClO3 formed = 2/6 = 0.333 moles

c. 3 moles of Cl2 reacts with 6 moles of KOH to give 1 mole of KClO3.

For 6.0 moles of Cl2, moles of KOH required to react completely = 12 moles.

But, moes of KOH =9.0. Hence, KOH is limiting reagent.

Moles of KClO3 formed = moles of KOH reacted/6 = 9/6 = 1.5 mole

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