The amount of salt in water is determined by testing for chloride ion. Silver ni

Question

The amount of salt in water is determined by testing for chloride ion. Silver nitrate solution is added to the salt-containing water sample. The preciptate taht forms is collected, dried, and weighed. The mass of chloride ion and salt is calculated from the mass of preciptate.

(a) Write a molecular equation and net ionic equation that represents this reaction. What is the precipatate that forms?

(b) How can you make sure that all of the chloride ion in the water sample reacts with the silver nitrate?

(c) What do you want the % yield of this reaction to be?

(d) Briefly describe how to calculate the mass of salt in a water sample from the mass of precipitate that forms/

(e) 25.00 ml of 0.49 M AgNO3 is added to 50.00 ml of water sample 0.76 g of AgCL is collected, dried, and weighed. What is the Cl- concentration in mg Cl-/l?

Explanation / Answer

a)

So, we write the complete ionic equation with the state symbols as:

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) ---> AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

AgCl precipitated out of solution because it's insoluble in water. We first write the complete ionic equation before we write the net ionic equation. To write the ionic equation, we separate all the aqueous compounds into ions and leave the solid compound unseparated.

Ag+ + NO3- + Na+ + Cl- ---> AgCl(s) + Na+ + NO3-

Then, we omit the spectator ions- the ions that appear on both sides of the equation. We're left now with the net ionic equation

Ag+ + Cl- ---> AgCl(s)

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