Transcriptional activator proteins: A. transcribe a messenger off a DNA template

Question

Transcriptional activator proteins: A. transcribe a messenger off a DNA template B. bind to ribosomes to activate the production of specific proteins C. are produced during an infection of bacteria by a phage D. are essential to function of transfer RNAs during translation E. bind regions near a eukaryotic gene and allow an RNA polymerase to transcribe a gene. Plasmid vectors for cloning A. can generally accommodate larger inserts than phage vectors B. grow within bacteria, and are present in bacterial colonies on an agar plate C. can accommodate inserts of over 100 kilobases D. include centromeres to allow propagation in yeast E. burst bacteria and form plaques on a "lawn" of bacteria Which is the non-selective marker A. Neo^r B. Amp^r C. GFP D. Genetically controlled toxin E. They're all selective markers Nucleosomes regulate protein expression through the actions of A. RNA polymerases B. DNA polymerases C. HATs D. MCSS E. YACs

Explanation / Answer

6. None option is correct

A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases gene transcription of a gene or set of genes. Most activators are DNA-binding proteins that bind to enhancers or promoter-proximal elements.

Most activators function by binding sequence-specifically to a DNA site located in or near a promoter and making protein–protein interactions with the general transcription machinery (RNA polymerase and general transcription factors), thereby facilitating the binding of the general transcription machinery to the promoter.

ex: The catabolite activator protein (CAP; also known as cAMP receptor protein, CRP) activates transcription at the lac operon of the bacterium Escherichia coli.

7. (B.) grow within bacteria, and are present in bacterial colonies on an agar plate.

8. (E) They all are selective markers

A selectable marker is a gene introduced into a cell, especially a bacterium or to cells in culture, that confers a trait suitable for artificial selection.

9. HATs

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases comprise a group of chromatin-modifying activities that plays a critical role in gene transcription.

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