One way to synthesize ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) is from the reaction of ammonia (NH

Question

One way to synthesize ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) is from the reaction of ammonia (NH3) with chloromethane (CH3CH2CI). One problem with this synthesis route is that the above reaction is not very selective, and ammonia may react with two chloromethane molecules to form diethylamine ( (CH3CH2)2NH ). A mixture of 0.455 mol NH3ZmoI1 0.455 mol CH3CH2CI/moI and the remainder into reactors is fed into a reactor. Within the reactor, the fractional conversion of CH3CH2CI is 0.760 and the fractional yield of CH3CH2NH2 is 0.460. [Fractional yield is the (moles of desired product formed)Z(moles of product possible for complete conversion of the feed to the desired product).] Assume a 100 mol basis for the feed stream, and calculate the number of moles of each component entering the reactor and leaving in the product stream. Here is the process flow diagram for reference. How many moles of NH3 enter the reactor? How many moles of CH3CH2CI enter the reactor? How many moles of inerts enter the reactor? How many moles of inerts leaves the reactor? How many moles of CH3CH2Cl leave the reactor? How many moles of CH3CH2NH2 leave the reactor? How many moles of (CH3CH2)2NH leave the reactor? How many moles of NH3 leave the reactor? How many moles of HCl level the reactor?

Explanation / Answer

1)

basis=100 moles

moles of NH3 entering the reactor=0.455*100=45.5 moles=N1

2)

moles of CH3CH2Cl entering the reactor=0.455*100=45.5 moles=N2

3)

moleas of inerts entering the reactor=100-45.5-45.5=9 moles=N3

4)

moles of inerts leaving th reactor=moleas of inerts entering the reactor=100-45.5-45.5=9 moles=N6

5)

fractional conversion of CH3CH2Cl=0.76

moles of CH3CH2Cl leaving the reactor=(1-0.76)*45.5=10.92 moles=N5

6)

moles of CH3CH2NH2 leaving the reactor=moles of CH3CH2Cl reacted*yield of CH3CH2NH2 (as 1mole of CH3CH2Cl gives 1 mole CH3CH2NH2 )

=(45.5-10.92)*0.46=15.9068 moles=N7

7)

moles of (CH3CH2)2NH leaving the reactor=(moles of CH3CH2Cl reacted-moles of CH3CH2NH2 produced)/2=(34.58-15.9068)/2=9.3366 moles=N8

8)

moles of NH3 leaving the reactor=moles of NH3 entering-moles of NH3 reacting

moles of NH3 reacting=moles of (CH3CH2)2NH produced+moles of CH3CH2NH2 produced=9.3366+15.9068=25.2434 moles

moles of NH3 leaving the reactor=45.5-25.2434=20.2566 moles=N4

9)moles of HCl leaving the reactor=moles of (CH3CH2)2NH produced*2+moles of CH3CH2NH2 produced

=9.3366*2+15.9068=34.58 moles=N9

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