3. (a) The trend in the magnitude of the ionization energy (IE1) going down a gr

Question

3. (a) The trend in the magnitude of the ionization energy (IE1) going down a group is the following
(circle your answer):
increases decreases remains constant

(b) The reason for this is:

(c) The trend in the magnitude of the ionization energy (IE1) going from left to right in a period is
the following (circle your answer):

increases decreases remains constant
(d) The reason for this is:
(e) Going from beryllium (Z=4) to boron (Z= 5) this general trend is reversed. The reason is:
(f) Also in going from N (Z=7) to O (Z= 8) this general trend is reversed. The reason for this is:

Explanation / Answer

3(a) Decrease due to increase in size

b) because of increae in size and hence less effective nuclear charge on electrons

c) Increases

d) due to almost similar size but more number of protons in the nucleus

e) The ionization of Be requires removal of an electron from the 2s subshell. Ionization of B, however, requires removal of an electron from a 2p subshell. The 2p subshell is higher in energy than the 2s subshell

f) we see that oxygen has a fourth electron in its 2p subshell.which is paired, Electrons, being negatively charged repel each other and it is this increased electron-electron repulsion that causes oxygen to have a lower than expected first ionization energy. Although the electrons in nitrogen's 2p subshell also repel one another, they reside in separate orbitals and can therefore remain farther apart than the paired electrons in oxygen's 2p subshell.

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