3.132 The Solvay process for the manufacture of Sodium Carbonate begins by passi

Question

3.132 The Solvay process for the manufacture of Sodium Carbonate begins by passing ammonia and carbon dioxide through a solution of sodium chloride to make sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride. The equation for the overall reaction is H2O + NaCl + NH3 + CO2 right arrow NH4Cl + NaHCO3 In the next step. sodium bicarbonate is heat to give sodium carbonate and two gases. carbon dioxide and steam 2NaHCO3 right arrow Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O What is the theoretical yield of sodium carbonate, expressed in grams, if 120 g of NaCl was used in the first reaction? If 85.4 g of Na2CO3 was obtained, what was the percentage yield?

Explanation / Answer

molar mass of NaCl=58.44g/mol

molar mass of NaHCO3=84.007g/mol

molar mass of Na2CO3=105.9888g/mol

we need to calculate the amount of sodium bi carbonate should be obtained in the first step

amount of NaCl =120g

amount of NaHCO3(theoritical yield of NaHCO3 )=84.007g/molx120g/58.44g/mol=172.4g

accordind to the equation if we take two moles of NaHCO3 we get 1 mole of Na2CO3

so theoritical yield of Na2CO3=105.988g/molx172.4/2x84.007g/mol=108.755g

percent yield=actual yield/theoritical yieldx100=85.4g/108.55gx100=78.52%

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