Acids, Bases, Proteins and the pH scale Study Guide 1. Define the term Acid incl

Question

Acids, Bases, Proteins and the pH scale Study Guide

1. Define the term Acid including their general properties. Provide a list of 3 common acids and their pH values you could find in your home.

2. Define the term Base including their general properties. Provide a list of 3 common bases and their pH values you could find in your home.

3. In comparing hydrochloric acid (pH 1) and sodium hydroxide (pH 13), is one more dangerous than the other? Why or why not?

4. Explain the concept of protein denaturation. List three ways that proteins can be denatured.

All reactions in the body are done by special proteins called enzymes. Protein function is dependent on appropriate pH levels in the body.

Download and print the instructions for reference as you work through the lab. As you work through the lab fill in the table below. Use this information to answer the questions that follow.

Table 1: Record your data on the number of product molecules formed per minute obtained from the virtual lab.

# Product Molecules/minute at:

5. At what pH level did the maximum reaction rate occur?

6. What pH level had the worst performance?

7. Why was there no increase in the reaction rate with 8.0 g. of substrate as compared to 4.0 g. of substrate? What would you need to add to see an increase in the reaction rate with 8.0 g. of substrate?

8. Consider only the experiment you conducted with 0.5 g. of lactose. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable?

9. Enzymes function most efficiently at the temperature of a typical cell, which is 37 degrees Celsius. What happens to enzyme function when the temperature rises? What happens to enzyme function when the temperature drops? Explain why.

10. People with lactose intolerance are able to take products such as Lactaid that contain the lactase enzyme with their meals. These products can be taken in pill form. Considering the fact that the pill form of the enzyme would have to travel through the person's stomach to arrive in the intestines where it will do its job, what special consideration would the producer of this product need to be concerned about to ensure the product will be effective?

11. Mr. Smith loves ice cream but he stopped eating it years ago due to lactose intolerance. When his friend Bob told him about lactaid he was so excited to try it that he went out right away and purchased a box of lactaid and a gallon of ice cream. The next day Mr. Smith called Bob and told him that lactaid doesn’t work because he took one pill before he ate the gallon of ice cream and he still ended up with all the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Considering what you’ve learned about enzyme function in this lab, what should Mr. Smith have done to prevent the symptoms of lactose intolerance?

Amount of Substrate (Lactose) ph3 ph5 ph7 ph9 ph11 5.0 g. 1.0g. 2.0g. 4.0g. 8.0g.

Explanation / Answer

Define the term Acid including their general properties. Provide a list of 3 common acids and their pH values you could find in your home.

Acids are substances that dissociate to give H+ (aq) in an aqueous solution according to Arrhenius. Acids have pH less than 7

These are common acids that are found at home

Define the term Base including their general properties. Provide a list of 3 common bases and their pH values you could find in your home.

Bases are substances that dissociate to give OH- (aq) in an aqueous solution according to Arrhenius.Bases have pH more than 7

These are common bases that are found at home

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