Which of the following molecules CANNOT be used as a precursor to produce glucos

Question

Which of the following molecules CANNOT be used as a precursor to produce glucose?
Pyruvate
Lactate
Glycerol
All of the above can be used to produce glucose.
Question 2 (1 point)Save
The driving force for PRIMARY active transport is __________, and the movement of substances is from _____________.
ATP hydrolysis; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; low to high concentration
ATP hydrolysis; low to high concentration
Question 3 (1 point)Save
A red-blood cell which is more permeable to water than to sodium is placed into a very hypertonic (compared to the cells intracellular fluid) solution. What will happen?
Water will move into the cell and it will swell
Water will move out of the cell and it will shrivel
Water will not move because of balancing hydrostatic and osmotic pressures
Water will move out, and then back in, resulting in no change
Question 4 (1 point)Save
What is the approximate osmolarity of intracellular and extracellular fluid?
100 mOsm
200 mOsm
300 mOsm
400 mOsm
Question 5 (1 point)Save
Correctly order the cell types in the nervous system from most abundant to least abundant.
Interneurons
Afferent neurons
Efferent neurons
Glial cells
Question 6 (1 point)Save
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of glial cells?
Speed conduction of nerves by producing a myelin sheath that surrounds axons
Integrating electrical signals from multiple afferent neurons and passing along an ellectrical signal to efferent neurons
Regulating the ionic and nutrient balance of the extracellular fluid
Creating the blood-brain barrier
Supporting the immune system by performing macrophage-like functions
Question 7 (1 point)Save
Which of the following statements pertaining to voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels is FALSE?
Sodium channels respond more quickly to a change in voltage than potassium channels
Sodium channels have an inactivation feature, and potassium channels do not
Opening of sodium channels causes repolarization, and opening of potassium channels causes depolarization
All of the above are TRUE
Question 8 (1 point)Save
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the initiation of action potentials?
Voltage-gated channels must be present for an AP to be initiated
An action potential is triggered by a summation of graded potentials resulting in depolarization of the membrane to threshold
If threshold is not reached, there will be no action potential triggered.
The graded potentials that trigger action potentials can arise from afferent neuron receptors, neurotransmitter binding at synapses, or from the cell itself due to an intrinsic pacemaker
All of the above are TRUE
Question 9 (1 point)Save
Which of the following will decrease the likelihood of a post-synaptic neuron firing?
Receiving EPSPs
Opening of Na+ channels
Opening of Cl- channels
Decreasing the permeability to K+
Question 10 (1 point)Save
Which of the following IS NOT a correct step in the release of neurotransmitter at a synapse?
An action potential reaches the axon terminal, resulting in depolarization
Voltage-gated Ca+ open, resulting in a decrease in intracellular Ca+
Synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the post-synaptic membrane, inducing a change in ion permeability

Explanation / Answer

1. Which of the following molecules CANNOT be used as a precursor to produce glucose?
Pyruvate
Lactate
Glycerol
All of the above can be used to produce glucose ------------------------- 2. The driving force for PRIMARY active transport is __________, and the movement of substances is from _____________.
ATP hydrolysis; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; low to high concentration
ATP hydrolysis; low to high concentration
-------------------------- 3.A red-blood cell which is more permeable to water than to sodium is placed into a very hypertonic (compared to the cells intracellular fluid) solution. What will happen?
Water will move into the cell and it will swell
Water will move out of the cell and it will shrivel
Water will not move because of balancing hydrostatic and osmotic pressures
Water will move out, and then back in, resulting in no change
------------------------- 4.What is the approximate osmolarity of intracellular and extracellular fluid?
100 mOsm
200 mOsm
300 mOsm
400 mOsm
-------------------------- 5. Correctly order the cell types in the nervous system from most abundant to least abundant.
Interneurons
Afferent neurons
Efferent neurons
Glial cells
Answer: glial cells, interneurons, efferent neurons, afferent neurons ----------------------------- 6.Which of the following is NOT a primary function of glial cells?
Speed conduction of nerves by producing a myelin sheath that surrounds axons
Integrating electrical signals from multiple afferent neurons and passing along an ellectrical signal to efferent neurons
Regulating the ionic and nutrient balance of the extracellular fluid
Creating the blood-brain barrier
Supporting the immune system by performing macrophage-like functions ------------------------------ 7.Which of the following statements pertaining to voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels is FALSE?
Sodium channels respond more quickly to a change in voltage than potassium channels
Sodium channels have an inactivation feature, and potassium channels do not
Opening of sodium channels causes repolarization, and opening of potassium channels causes depolarization
All of the above are TRUE
------------------------------ 8. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the initiation of action potentials?
Voltage-gated channels must be present for an AP to be initiated
An action potential is triggered by a summation of graded potentials resulting in depolarization of the membrane to threshold
If threshold is not reached, there will be no action potential triggered.
The graded potentials that trigger action potentials can arise from afferent neuron receptors, neurotransmitter binding at synapses, or from the cell itself due to an intrinsic pacemaker
All of the above are TRUE
---------------------------- 9. Which of the following will decrease the likelihood of a post-synaptic neuron firing?
Receiving EPSPs
Opening of Na+ channels
Opening of Cl- channels
Decreasing the permeability to K+
---------------------------- 10. Which of the following IS NOT a correct step in the release of neurotransmitter at a synapse?
An action potential reaches the axon terminal, resulting in depolarization
Voltage-gated Ca+ open, resulting in a decrease in intracellular Ca+
Synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the post-synaptic membrane, inducing a change in ion permeability 1. Which of the following molecules CANNOT be used as a precursor to produce glucose?
Pyruvate
Lactate
Glycerol
All of the above can be used to produce glucose ------------------------- 2. The driving force for PRIMARY active transport is __________, and the movement of substances is from _____________.
ATP hydrolysis; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; high to low concentration
The concentration gradient of a separate substance; low to high concentration
ATP hydrolysis; low to high concentration
-------------------------- 3.A red-blood cell which is more permeable to water than to sodium is placed into a very hypertonic (compared to the cells intracellular fluid) solution. What will happen?
Water will move into the cell and it will swell
Water will move out of the cell and it will shrivel
Water will not move because of balancing hydrostatic and osmotic pressures
Water will move out, and then back in, resulting in no change
------------------------- 4.What is the approximate osmolarity of intracellular and extracellular fluid?
100 mOsm
200 mOsm
300 mOsm
400 mOsm
-------------------------- 5. Correctly order the cell types in the nervous system from most abundant to least abundant.
Interneurons
Afferent neurons
Efferent neurons
Glial cells
Answer: glial cells, interneurons, efferent neurons, afferent neurons ----------------------------- 6.Which of the following is NOT a primary function of glial cells?
Speed conduction of nerves by producing a myelin sheath that surrounds axons
Integrating electrical signals from multiple afferent neurons and passing along an ellectrical signal to efferent neurons
Regulating the ionic and nutrient balance of the extracellular fluid
Creating the blood-brain barrier
Supporting the immune system by performing macrophage-like functions ------------------------------ 7.Which of the following statements pertaining to voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels is FALSE?
Sodium channels respond more quickly to a change in voltage than potassium channels
Sodium channels have an inactivation feature, and potassium channels do not
Opening of sodium channels causes repolarization, and opening of potassium channels causes depolarization
All of the above are TRUE
------------------------------ 8. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the initiation of action potentials?
Voltage-gated channels must be present for an AP to be initiated
An action potential is triggered by a summation of graded potentials resulting in depolarization of the membrane to threshold
If threshold is not reached, there will be no action potential triggered.
The graded potentials that trigger action potentials can arise from afferent neuron receptors, neurotransmitter binding at synapses, or from the cell itself due to an intrinsic pacemaker
All of the above are TRUE
---------------------------- 9. Which of the following will decrease the likelihood of a post-synaptic neuron firing?
Receiving EPSPs
Opening of Na+ channels
Opening of Cl- channels
Decreasing the permeability to K+
---------------------------- 10. Which of the following IS NOT a correct step in the release of neurotransmitter at a synapse?
An action potential reaches the axon terminal, resulting in depolarization
Voltage-gated Ca+ open, resulting in a decrease in intracellular Ca+
Synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the post-synaptic membrane, inducing a change in ion permeability

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