1. Give the molecular shapes for the following compounds and ions. A)CO2 B)XeF4
ID: 876068 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Give the molecular shapes for the following compounds and ions.
A)CO2
B)XeF4
C)SeO2
D)IF5
E)AsF4
F)CH3COOH (determine the shapes for each C)
G)Phosphate ion
H)Ammonium ion
I)Bicarbonate ion
2. For each of the species in #1...
i)report the bond angles including information on how lone pairs change the angles
ii)determine their intermolecular forces.
iii)determine the formal charges.
3) a) Draw two molecules with sp,sp^2, and sp^3 hybridization.(This should result in 6 total structures.)
b) for each structure in 3a, label each bond as sigma or pi
4) Using 7.23 as a template, derive a MO diagram for NO+
Explanation / Answer
1. Molecular shapes
A) CO2 molecular shapes is linear, O=C=O, This means that the angle of O=C=O is equal to 180 degrees
B) XeF4 is octahedral in geometry, but square planar in molecular shape.
Xe has 8 valence electrons, Fluroine has 7, including a lone electron that demands one from Xe to make a bond. So when you take these 4 Xe-F bonds, the central Xe atom has 2 lone pairs left (2 lone pairs have been broken up to provide the 4 electrons for the 4 fluorines). This results in 4 Xe-F bonds on the same plane (square planar) with an electron pair above and below the central Xe. Hence octahedral geometry, but square planar molecular shape.
C) SeO2: Selenium is connected to one oxygen by a single bond, and to the other by a double bond. It also has one unshared pair of electrons. The electron cloud geometry of the selenium atom is trigonal planar, but the molecular geometry (connecting the nucleus of each oxygen atom to the nucleus of the selenium atom) is bent.
D) IF5: The arrangement arround the central I atom is an octahedron: 5 F atoms and an unbonded e- pair. The polarity of the four Fs in the equatorial plane would cancel because of symmetry, but the remaining F and the unbonded e- pair that are 180 degrees apart do NOT cancel. Hence the molecule is polar.
E) AsF4: this ion has trigonal pyramidal electron pair geometry, and "seesaw" molecular geometry. Because of its geometry, we can say that arsenic is sp3d. The resulting geometry is based on trigonal bipyramid with a lone pair of electron occupying one of the apical positions thus, via VSPER, distorting the :-A-F angle to >90
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