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H° rxn = nH f °(products) - mH f °(reactants) Compound/Ion H f ° (kJ/mol) Ca 2+

ID: 878779 • Letter: H

Question

H°rxn = nHf°(products) - mHf°(reactants)

                                    Compound/Ion Hf° (kJ/mol)

Ca2+(aq)

-542.8

OH-(aq)

-230.0

Ca(OH)2 (s)

-985.2

Fe(OH)3 (s)

-824.25

H+(aq)

0.0

Fe3+(aq)

-48.5

H2O(l)

-285.8

Mg(OH)2(s)

-924.66

HF(aq)

-332.6

Mg2+(aq)

-466.9

F-(aq)

-332.6

Using the enthalpies of formation given above, compute the enthalpy change for each of the aqueous net ionic reactions given below.

a. Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HF(aq) Mg2+(aq) + 2F-(aq) + 2H2O(l)

b. 3Mg(s) + 2Fe3+(aq) 2Fe(s) + 3Mg2+(aq)

Ca2+(aq)

-542.8

OH-(aq)

-230.0

Ca(OH)2 (s)

-985.2

Fe(OH)3 (s)

-824.25

H+(aq)

0.0

Fe3+(aq)

-48.5

H2O(l)

-285.8

Mg(OH)2(s)

-924.66

HF(aq)

-332.6

Mg2+(aq)

-466.9

F-(aq)

-332.6

Explanation / Answer

Solution:

We can use following equation to calculate Enthalpy change for reaction (H°rxn)

H°rxn = nHf°(products) - mHf°(reactants)

Let’s consider first reaction (a)

a. Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HF(aq) Mg2+(aq) + 2F-(aq) + 2H2O(l)

H°rxn = [( Mg2+(aq) ) + (2F-(aq)) + (2H2O(l))] – [(Mg(OH)2) +(2HF(aq))

Let’s plug all above enthalpy value of individual ion into formula.

H°rxn = [(-466.9) + (2*-332.6) + (2*-285.8) ] – [(-924.66) + (2*-332.6)]

H°rxn = [(-466.9) + (-665.2) + (-571.6) ] – [(-924.66) + (-665.2)]

H°rxn = -113.84 KJ

Answer – Enthalpy change for reaction "a" is( H°rxn) = -113.84 KJ

Now let’s consider second reaction (b)

b. 3Mg(s) + 2Fe3+(aq) 2Fe(s) + 3Mg2+(aq)

H°rxn = nHf°(products) - mHf°(reactants)

H°rxn = [(2Fe(s)) + (3Mg2+(aq))] – [(3Mg(s)) +(2Fe3+(aq))

Let’s plug all above enthalpy value of individual ion into formula.

H°rxn = [(2 * 0) + (3 * -466.9)] – [(3 * 0) + (2 * -48.5)

(Here enthalpy of pure state element (Fe(s) & Mg(s)) = 0)

H°rxn = [0 +(-1400.7)] – [ 0 + (-97)]

H°rxn = -1303.7 KJ

Answer – Enthalpy change for reaction “b” is( H°rxn) = -1303.7 KJ